name: duk_safe_to_string

proto: |
  const char *duk_safe_to_string(duk_context *ctx, duk_idx_t index);

stack: |
  [ ... val! ... ] -> [ ... ToString(val)! ... ]

summary: |
  <p>Like <code><a href="#duk_to_string">duk_to_string()</a></code> but if
  the initial string coercion fails, the error value is coerced to a string.
  If that also fails, a fixed error string is returned.</p>

  <p>The caller can safely use this function to coerce a value to a string,
  which is useful in C code to print out a return value safely with
  <code>printf()</code>.  The only uncaught errors possible are out-of-memory
  and other internal errors which trigger fatal error handling anyway.</p>

example: |
  /* Coercion causes error. */
  duk_eval_string(ctx, "({ toString: function () { throw new Error('toString error'); } })");
  printf("coerced string: %s\n", duk_safe_to_string(ctx, -1));  /* -> "Error: toString error" */
  duk_pop(ctx);

  /* Coercion causes error, and the error itself cannot be string coerced. */
  duk_eval_string(ctx, "({ toString: function () { var e = new Error('cannot string coerce me');"
                       "                           e.toString = function () { throw new Error('coercion error'); };"
                       "                           throw e; } })");
  printf("coerced string: %s\n", duk_safe_to_string(ctx, -1));  /* -> "Error" */
  duk_pop(ctx);

tags:
  - stack
  - string
  - protected

seealso:
  - duk_to_string

introduced: 1.0.0