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165 lines
5.8 KiB
165 lines
5.8 KiB
.. currentmodule:: pyb
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.. _pyb.I2C:
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class I2C -- a two-wire serial protocol
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=======================================
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I2C is a two-wire protocol for communicating between devices. At the physical
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level it consists of 2 wires: SCL and SDA, the clock and data lines respectively.
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I2C objects are created attached to a specific bus. They can be initialised
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when created, or initialised later on.
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Example::
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from pyb import I2C
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i2c = I2C(1) # create on bus 1
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i2c = I2C(1, I2C.MASTER) # create and init as a master
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i2c.init(I2C.MASTER, baudrate=20000) # init as a master
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i2c.init(I2C.SLAVE, addr=0x42) # init as a slave with given address
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i2c.deinit() # turn off the peripheral
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Printing the i2c object gives you information about its configuration.
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The basic methods are send and recv::
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i2c.send('abc') # send 3 bytes
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i2c.send(0x42) # send a single byte, given by the number
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data = i2c.recv(3) # receive 3 bytes
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To receive inplace, first create a bytearray::
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data = bytearray(3) # create a buffer
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i2c.recv(data) # receive 3 bytes, writing them into data
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You can specify a timeout (in ms)::
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i2c.send(b'123', timeout=2000) # timeout after 2 seconds
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A master must specify the recipient's address::
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i2c.init(I2C.MASTER)
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i2c.send('123', 0x42) # send 3 bytes to slave with address 0x42
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i2c.send(b'456', addr=0x42) # keyword for address
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Master also has other methods::
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i2c.is_ready(0x42) # check if slave 0x42 is ready
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i2c.scan() # scan for slaves on the bus, returning
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# a list of valid addresses
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i2c.mem_read(3, 0x42, 2) # read 3 bytes from memory of slave 0x42,
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# starting at address 2 in the slave
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i2c.mem_write('abc', 0x42, 2, timeout=1000) # write 'abc' (3 bytes) to memory of slave 0x42
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# starting at address 2 in the slave, timeout after 1 second
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Constructors
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------------
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.. class:: pyb.I2C(bus, ...)
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Construct an I2C object on the given bus. ``bus`` can be 1 or 2, 'X' or
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'Y'. With no additional parameters, the I2C object is created but not
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initialised (it has the settings from the last initialisation of
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the bus, if any). If extra arguments are given, the bus is initialised.
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See ``init`` for parameters of initialisation.
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The physical pins of the I2C busses on Pyboards V1.0 and V1.1 are:
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- ``I2C(1)`` is on the X position: ``(SCL, SDA) = (X9, X10) = (PB6, PB7)``
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- ``I2C(2)`` is on the Y position: ``(SCL, SDA) = (Y9, Y10) = (PB10, PB11)``
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On the Pyboard Lite:
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- ``I2C(1)`` is on the X position: ``(SCL, SDA) = (X9, X10) = (PB6, PB7)``
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- ``I2C(3)`` is on the Y position: ``(SCL, SDA) = (Y9, Y10) = (PA8, PB8)``
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Calling the constructor with 'X' or 'Y' enables portability between Pyboard
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types.
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Methods
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-------
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.. method:: I2C.deinit()
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Turn off the I2C bus.
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.. method:: I2C.init(mode, \*, addr=0x12, baudrate=400000, gencall=False, dma=False)
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Initialise the I2C bus with the given parameters:
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- ``mode`` must be either ``I2C.MASTER`` or ``I2C.SLAVE``
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- ``addr`` is the 7-bit address (only sensible for a slave)
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- ``baudrate`` is the SCL clock rate (only sensible for a master)
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- ``gencall`` is whether to support general call mode
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- ``dma`` is whether to allow the use of DMA for the I2C transfers (note
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that DMA transfers have more precise timing but currently do not handle bus
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errors properly)
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.. method:: I2C.is_ready(addr)
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Check if an I2C device responds to the given address. Only valid when in master mode.
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.. method:: I2C.mem_read(data, addr, memaddr, \*, timeout=5000, addr_size=8)
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Read from the memory of an I2C device:
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- ``data`` can be an integer (number of bytes to read) or a buffer to read into
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- ``addr`` is the I2C device address
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- ``memaddr`` is the memory location within the I2C device
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- ``timeout`` is the timeout in milliseconds to wait for the read
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- ``addr_size`` selects width of memaddr: 8 or 16 bits
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Returns the read data.
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This is only valid in master mode.
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.. method:: I2C.mem_write(data, addr, memaddr, \*, timeout=5000, addr_size=8)
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Write to the memory of an I2C device:
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- ``data`` can be an integer or a buffer to write from
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- ``addr`` is the I2C device address
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- ``memaddr`` is the memory location within the I2C device
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- ``timeout`` is the timeout in milliseconds to wait for the write
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- ``addr_size`` selects width of memaddr: 8 or 16 bits
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Returns ``None``.
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This is only valid in master mode.
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.. method:: I2C.recv(recv, addr=0x00, \*, timeout=5000)
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Receive data on the bus:
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- ``recv`` can be an integer, which is the number of bytes to receive,
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or a mutable buffer, which will be filled with received bytes
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- ``addr`` is the address to receive from (only required in master mode)
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- ``timeout`` is the timeout in milliseconds to wait for the receive
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Return value: if ``recv`` is an integer then a new buffer of the bytes received,
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otherwise the same buffer that was passed in to ``recv``.
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.. method:: I2C.send(send, addr=0x00, \*, timeout=5000)
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Send data on the bus:
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- ``send`` is the data to send (an integer to send, or a buffer object)
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- ``addr`` is the address to send to (only required in master mode)
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- ``timeout`` is the timeout in milliseconds to wait for the send
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Return value: ``None``.
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.. method:: I2C.scan()
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Scan all I2C addresses from 0x01 to 0x7f and return a list of those that respond.
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Only valid when in master mode.
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Constants
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---------
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.. data:: I2C.MASTER
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for initialising the bus to master mode
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.. data:: I2C.SLAVE
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for initialising the bus to slave mode
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