compiler,transform: move interface lowering to transform package

compiler/llvm.go

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 package compiler
 
 import (
-	"reflect"
-
 	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/compiler/llvmutil"
 	"tinygo.org/x/go-llvm"
 )
@@ -130,43 +128,14 @@ func (c *Compiler) splitBasicBlock(afterInst llvm.Value, insertAfter llvm.BasicB
 // contents, and returns the global.
 // Note that it is left with the default linkage etc., you should set
 // linkage/constant/etc properties yourself.
-func (c *Compiler) makeGlobalArray(bufItf interface{}, name string, elementType llvm.Type) llvm.Value {
-	buf := reflect.ValueOf(bufItf)
-	globalType := llvm.ArrayType(elementType, buf.Len())
+func (c *Compiler) makeGlobalArray(buf []byte, name string, elementType llvm.Type) llvm.Value {
+	globalType := llvm.ArrayType(elementType, len(buf))
 	global := llvm.AddGlobal(c.mod, globalType, name)
 	value := llvm.Undef(globalType)
-	for i := 0; i < buf.Len(); i++ {
-		ch := buf.Index(i).Uint()
+	for i := 0; i < len(buf); i++ {
+		ch := uint64(buf[i])
 		value = llvm.ConstInsertValue(value, llvm.ConstInt(elementType, ch, false), []uint32{uint32(i)})
 	}
 	global.SetInitializer(value)
 	return global
 }
-
-// getGlobalBytes returns the slice contained in the array of the provided
-// global. It can recover the bytes originally created using makeGlobalArray, if
-// makeGlobalArray was given a byte slice.
-func getGlobalBytes(global llvm.Value) []byte {
-	value := global.Initializer()
-	buf := make([]byte, value.Type().ArrayLength())
-	for i := range buf {
-		buf[i] = byte(llvm.ConstExtractValue(value, []uint32{uint32(i)}).ZExtValue())
-	}
-	return buf
-}
-
-// replaceGlobalByteWithArray replaces a global integer type in the module with
-// an integer array, using a GEP to make the types match. It is a convenience
-// function used for creating reflection sidetables, for example.
-func (c *Compiler) replaceGlobalIntWithArray(name string, buf interface{}) llvm.Value {
-	oldGlobal := c.mod.NamedGlobal(name)
-	global := c.makeGlobalArray(buf, name+".tmp", oldGlobal.Type().ElementType())
-	gep := llvm.ConstGEP(global, []llvm.Value{
-		llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false),
-		llvm.ConstInt(c.ctx.Int32Type(), 0, false),
-	})
-	oldGlobal.ReplaceAllUsesWith(gep)
-	oldGlobal.EraseFromParentAsGlobal()
-	global.SetName(name)
-	return global
-}

compiler/llvmutil/wordpack.go

@@ -45,10 +45,18 @@ func EmitPointerPack(builder llvm.Builder, mod llvm.Module, config *compileopts.
 		// Packed data is bigger than a pointer, so allocate it on the heap.
 		sizeValue := llvm.ConstInt(uintptrType, size, false)
 		alloc := mod.NamedFunction("runtime.alloc")
-		packedHeapAlloc = builder.CreateCall(alloc, []llvm.Value{sizeValue}, "")
+		packedHeapAlloc = builder.CreateCall(alloc, []llvm.Value{
+			sizeValue,
+			llvm.Undef(i8ptrType),            // unused context parameter
+			llvm.ConstPointerNull(i8ptrType), // coroutine handle
+		}, "")
 		if config.NeedsStackObjects() {
 			trackPointer := mod.NamedFunction("runtime.trackPointer")
-			builder.CreateCall(trackPointer, []llvm.Value{packedHeapAlloc}, "")
+			builder.CreateCall(trackPointer, []llvm.Value{
+				packedHeapAlloc,
+				llvm.Undef(i8ptrType),            // unused context parameter
+				llvm.ConstPointerNull(i8ptrType), // coroutine handle
+			}, "")
 		}
 		packedAlloc = builder.CreateBitCast(packedHeapAlloc, llvm.PointerType(packedType, 0), "")
 	}

compiler/optimizer.go

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func (c *Compiler) Optimize(optLevel, sizeLevel int, inlinerThreshold uint) erro
 		transform.OptimizeMaps(c.mod)
 		transform.OptimizeStringToBytes(c.mod)
 		transform.OptimizeAllocs(c.mod)
-		c.LowerInterfaces()
+		transform.LowerInterfaces(c.mod)
 		c.LowerFuncValues()
 
 		// After interfaces are lowered, there are many more opportunities for
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ func (c *Compiler) Optimize(optLevel, sizeLevel int, inlinerThreshold uint) erro
 		}
 	} else {
 		// Must be run at any optimization level.
-		c.LowerInterfaces()
+		transform.LowerInterfaces(c.mod)
 		c.LowerFuncValues()
 		err := c.LowerGoroutines()
 		if err != nil {

compiler/interface-lowering.go → transform/interface-lowering.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package compiler
+package transform
 
 // This file provides function to lower interface intrinsics to their final LLVM
 // form, optimizing them in the process.
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import (
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/tinygo-org/tinygo/compiler/llvmutil"
 	"tinygo.org/x/go-llvm"
 )
 
@@ -133,22 +134,28 @@ func (itf *interfaceInfo) id() string {
 // pass has been implemented as an object type because of its complexity, but
 // should be seen as a regular function call (see LowerInterfaces).
 type lowerInterfacesPass struct {
-	*Compiler
-	types      map[string]*typeInfo
-	signatures map[string]*signatureInfo
-	interfaces map[string]*interfaceInfo
+	mod         llvm.Module
+	builder     llvm.Builder
+	ctx         llvm.Context
+	uintptrType llvm.Type
+	types       map[string]*typeInfo
+	signatures  map[string]*signatureInfo
+	interfaces  map[string]*interfaceInfo
 }
 
-// Lower all interface functions. They are emitted by the compiler as
-// higher-level intrinsics that need some lowering before LLVM can work on them.
-// This is done so that a few cleanup passes can run before assigning the final
-// type codes.
-func (c *Compiler) LowerInterfaces() {
+// LowerInterfaces lowers all intermediate interface calls and globals that are
+// emitted by the compiler as higher-level intrinsics. They need some lowering
+// before LLVM can work on them. This is done so that a few cleanup passes can
+// run before assigning the final type codes.
+func LowerInterfaces(mod llvm.Module) {
 	p := &lowerInterfacesPass{
-		Compiler:   c,
-		types:      make(map[string]*typeInfo),
-		signatures: make(map[string]*signatureInfo),
-		interfaces: make(map[string]*interfaceInfo),
+		mod:         mod,
+		builder:     mod.Context().NewBuilder(),
+		ctx:         mod.Context(),
+		uintptrType: mod.Context().IntType(llvm.NewTargetData(mod.DataLayout()).PointerSize() * 8),
+		types:       make(map[string]*typeInfo),
+		signatures:  make(map[string]*signatureInfo),
+		interfaces:  make(map[string]*interfaceInfo),
 	}
 	p.run()
 }
@@ -156,8 +163,8 @@ func (c *Compiler) LowerInterfaces() {
 // run runs the pass itself.
 func (p *lowerInterfacesPass) run() {
 	// Collect all type codes.
-	typecodeIDPtr := llvm.PointerType(p.getLLVMRuntimeType("typecodeID"), 0)
-	typeInInterfacePtr := llvm.PointerType(p.getLLVMRuntimeType("typeInInterface"), 0)
+	typecodeIDPtr := llvm.PointerType(p.mod.GetTypeByName("runtime.typecodeID"), 0)
+	typeInInterfacePtr := llvm.PointerType(p.mod.GetTypeByName("runtime.typeInInterface"), 0)
 	var typesInInterfaces []llvm.Value
 	for global := p.mod.FirstGlobal(); !global.IsNil(); global = llvm.NextGlobal(global) {
 		switch global.Type() {
@@ -368,7 +375,7 @@ func (p *lowerInterfacesPass) run() {
 	}
 
 	// Assign a type code for each type.
-	p.assignTypeCodes(typeSlice)
+	assignTypeCodes(p.mod, typeSlice)
 
 	// Replace each use of a runtime.typeInInterface with the constant type
 	// code.
@@ -519,7 +526,7 @@ func (p *lowerInterfacesPass) replaceInvokeWithCall(use llvm.Value, typ *typeInf
 				}
 			}
 			p.builder.SetInsertPointBefore(call)
-			receiverParams := p.emitPointerUnpack(operands[0], receiverParamTypes)
+			receiverParams := llvmutil.EmitPointerUnpack(p.builder, p.mod, operands[0], receiverParamTypes)
 			result := p.builder.CreateCall(function, append(receiverParams, operands[1:]...), "")
 			if result.Type().TypeKind() != llvm.VoidTypeKind {
 				call.ReplaceAllUsesWith(result)

transform/interface-lowering_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+package transform
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestInterfaceLowering(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	testTransform(t, "testdata/interface", LowerInterfaces)
+}

transform/llvm.go

@@ -1,12 +1,17 @@
 package transform
 
 import (
+	"reflect"
+
 	"tinygo.org/x/go-llvm"
 )
 
 // Return a list of values (actually, instructions) where this value is used as
 // an operand.
 func getUses(value llvm.Value) []llvm.Value {
+	if value.IsNil() {
+		return nil
+	}
 	var uses []llvm.Value
 	use := value.FirstUse()
 	for !use.IsNil() {
@@ -15,3 +20,48 @@ func getUses(value llvm.Value) []llvm.Value {
 	}
 	return uses
 }
+
+// makeGlobalArray creates a new LLVM global with the given name and integers as
+// contents, and returns the global.
+// Note that it is left with the default linkage etc., you should set
+// linkage/constant/etc properties yourself.
+func makeGlobalArray(mod llvm.Module, bufItf interface{}, name string, elementType llvm.Type) llvm.Value {
+	buf := reflect.ValueOf(bufItf)
+	globalType := llvm.ArrayType(elementType, buf.Len())
+	global := llvm.AddGlobal(mod, globalType, name)
+	value := llvm.Undef(globalType)
+	for i := 0; i < buf.Len(); i++ {
+		ch := buf.Index(i).Uint()
+		value = llvm.ConstInsertValue(value, llvm.ConstInt(elementType, ch, false), []uint32{uint32(i)})
+	}
+	global.SetInitializer(value)
+	return global
+}
+
+// getGlobalBytes returns the slice contained in the array of the provided
+// global. It can recover the bytes originally created using makeGlobalArray, if
+// makeGlobalArray was given a byte slice.
+func getGlobalBytes(global llvm.Value) []byte {
+	value := global.Initializer()
+	buf := make([]byte, value.Type().ArrayLength())
+	for i := range buf {
+		buf[i] = byte(llvm.ConstExtractValue(value, []uint32{uint32(i)}).ZExtValue())
+	}
+	return buf
+}
+
+// replaceGlobalByteWithArray replaces a global integer type in the module with
+// an integer array, using a GEP to make the types match. It is a convenience
+// function used for creating reflection sidetables, for example.
+func replaceGlobalIntWithArray(mod llvm.Module, name string, buf interface{}) llvm.Value {
+	oldGlobal := mod.NamedGlobal(name)
+	global := makeGlobalArray(mod, buf, name+".tmp", oldGlobal.Type().ElementType())
+	gep := llvm.ConstGEP(global, []llvm.Value{
+		llvm.ConstInt(mod.Context().Int32Type(), 0, false),
+		llvm.ConstInt(mod.Context().Int32Type(), 0, false),
+	})
+	oldGlobal.ReplaceAllUsesWith(gep)
+	oldGlobal.EraseFromParentAsGlobal()
+	global.SetName(name)
+	return global
+}

compiler/reflect.go → transform/reflect.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package compiler
+package transform
 
 // This file has some compiler support for run-time reflection using the reflect
 // package. In particular, it encodes type information in type codes in such a
@@ -125,27 +125,27 @@ type typeCodeAssignmentState struct {
 // assignTypeCodes is used to assign a type code to each type in the program
 // that is ever stored in an interface. It tries to use the smallest possible
 // numbers to make the code that works with interfaces as small as possible.
-func (c *Compiler) assignTypeCodes(typeSlice typeInfoSlice) {
+func assignTypeCodes(mod llvm.Module, typeSlice typeInfoSlice) {
 	// if reflect were not used, we could skip generating the sidetable
 	// this does not help in practice, and is difficult to do correctly
 
 	// Assign typecodes the way the reflect package expects.
 	state := typeCodeAssignmentState{
 		fallbackIndex:                    1,
-		uintptrLen:                       c.uintptrType.IntTypeWidth(),
+		uintptrLen:                       llvm.NewTargetData(mod.DataLayout()).PointerSize() * 8,
 		namedBasicTypes:                  make(map[string]int),
 		namedNonBasicTypes:               make(map[string]int),
 		arrayTypes:                       make(map[string]int),
 		structTypes:                      make(map[string]int),
 		structNames:                      make(map[string]int),
-		needsNamedNonBasicTypesSidetable: len(getUses(c.mod.NamedGlobal("reflect.namedNonBasicTypesSidetable"))) != 0,
-		needsStructTypesSidetable:        len(getUses(c.mod.NamedGlobal("reflect.structTypesSidetable"))) != 0,
-		needsStructNamesSidetable:        len(getUses(c.mod.NamedGlobal("reflect.structNamesSidetable"))) != 0,
-		needsArrayTypesSidetable:         len(getUses(c.mod.NamedGlobal("reflect.arrayTypesSidetable"))) != 0,
+		needsNamedNonBasicTypesSidetable: len(getUses(mod.NamedGlobal("reflect.namedNonBasicTypesSidetable"))) != 0,
+		needsStructTypesSidetable:        len(getUses(mod.NamedGlobal("reflect.structTypesSidetable"))) != 0,
+		needsStructNamesSidetable:        len(getUses(mod.NamedGlobal("reflect.structNamesSidetable"))) != 0,
+		needsArrayTypesSidetable:         len(getUses(mod.NamedGlobal("reflect.arrayTypesSidetable"))) != 0,
 	}
 	for _, t := range typeSlice {
 		num := state.getTypeCodeNum(t.typecode)
-		if num.BitLen() > c.uintptrType.IntTypeWidth() || !num.IsUint64() {
+		if num.BitLen() > state.uintptrLen || !num.IsUint64() {
 			// TODO: support this in some way, using a side table for example.
 			// That's less efficient but better than not working at all.
 			// Particularly important on systems with 16-bit pointers (e.g.
@@ -157,22 +157,22 @@ func (c *Compiler) assignTypeCodes(typeSlice typeInfoSlice) {
 
 	// Only create this sidetable when it is necessary.
 	if state.needsNamedNonBasicTypesSidetable {
-		global := c.replaceGlobalIntWithArray("reflect.namedNonBasicTypesSidetable", state.namedNonBasicTypesSidetable)
+		global := replaceGlobalIntWithArray(mod, "reflect.namedNonBasicTypesSidetable", state.namedNonBasicTypesSidetable)
 		global.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
 		global.SetUnnamedAddr(true)
 	}
 	if state.needsArrayTypesSidetable {
-		global := c.replaceGlobalIntWithArray("reflect.arrayTypesSidetable", state.arrayTypesSidetable)
+		global := replaceGlobalIntWithArray(mod, "reflect.arrayTypesSidetable", state.arrayTypesSidetable)
 		global.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
 		global.SetUnnamedAddr(true)
 	}
 	if state.needsStructTypesSidetable {
-		global := c.replaceGlobalIntWithArray("reflect.structTypesSidetable", state.structTypesSidetable)
+		global := replaceGlobalIntWithArray(mod, "reflect.structTypesSidetable", state.structTypesSidetable)
 		global.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
 		global.SetUnnamedAddr(true)
 	}
 	if state.needsStructNamesSidetable {
-		global := c.replaceGlobalIntWithArray("reflect.structNamesSidetable", state.structNamesSidetable)
+		global := replaceGlobalIntWithArray(mod, "reflect.structNamesSidetable", state.structNamesSidetable)
 		global.SetLinkage(llvm.InternalLinkage)
 		global.SetUnnamedAddr(true)
 	}

transform/testdata/interface.ll

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-i64:64-v128:64:128-a:0:32-n32-S64"
+target triple = "armv7m-none-eabi"
+
+%runtime.typecodeID = type { %runtime.typecodeID*, i32 }
+%runtime.typeInInterface = type { %runtime.typecodeID*, %runtime.interfaceMethodInfo* }
+%runtime.interfaceMethodInfo = type { i8*, i32 }
+
+@"reflect/types.type:basic:uint8" = external constant %runtime.typecodeID
+@"reflect/types.type:basic:int" = external constant %runtime.typecodeID
+@"typeInInterface:reflect/types.type:basic:uint8" = private constant %runtime.typeInInterface { %runtime.typecodeID* @"reflect/types.type:basic:uint8", %runtime.interfaceMethodInfo* null }
+@"typeInInterface:reflect/types.type:basic:int" = private constant %runtime.typeInInterface { %runtime.typecodeID* @"reflect/types.type:basic:int", %runtime.interfaceMethodInfo* null }
+@"func NeverImplementedMethod()" = external constant i8
+@"Unmatched$interface" = private constant [1 x i8*] [i8* @"func NeverImplementedMethod()"]
+@"func Double() int" = external constant i8
+@"Doubler$interface" = private constant [1 x i8*] [i8* @"func Double() int"]
+@"Number$methodset" = private constant [1 x %runtime.interfaceMethodInfo] [%runtime.interfaceMethodInfo { i8* @"func Double() int", i32 ptrtoint (i32 (i8*)* @"(Number).Double$invoke" to i32) }]
+@"reflect/types.type:named:Number" = private constant %runtime.typecodeID { %runtime.typecodeID* @"reflect/types.type:basic:int", i32 0 }
+@"typeInInterface:reflect/types.type:named:Number" = private constant %runtime.typeInInterface { %runtime.typecodeID* @"reflect/types.type:named:Number", %runtime.interfaceMethodInfo* getelementptr inbounds ([1 x %runtime.interfaceMethodInfo], [1 x %runtime.interfaceMethodInfo]* @"Number$methodset", i32 0, i32 0) }
+
+declare i1 @runtime.interfaceImplements(i32, i8**)
+declare i1 @runtime.typeAssert(i32, %runtime.typecodeID*)
+declare i32 @runtime.interfaceMethod(i32, i8**, i8*)
+declare void @runtime.printuint8(i8)
+declare void @runtime.printint32(i32)
+declare void @runtime.printptr(i32)
+declare void @runtime.printnl()
+
+define void @printInterfaces() {
+  call void @printInterface(i32 ptrtoint (%runtime.typeInInterface* @"typeInInterface:reflect/types.type:basic:int" to i32), i8* inttoptr (i32 5 to i8*))
+  call void @printInterface(i32 ptrtoint (%runtime.typeInInterface* @"typeInInterface:reflect/types.type:basic:uint8" to i32), i8* inttoptr (i8 120 to i8*))
+  call void @printInterface(i32 ptrtoint (%runtime.typeInInterface* @"typeInInterface:reflect/types.type:named:Number" to i32), i8* inttoptr (i32 3 to i8*))
+
+  ret void
+}
+
+define void @printInterface(i32 %typecode, i8* %value) {
+  %isUnmatched = call i1 @runtime.interfaceImplements(i32 %typecode, i8** getelementptr inbounds ([1 x i8*], [1 x i8*]* @"Unmatched$interface", i32 0, i32 0))
+  br i1 %isUnmatched, label %typeswitch.Unmatched, label %typeswitch.notUnmatched
+
+typeswitch.Unmatched:
+  %unmatched = ptrtoint i8* %value to i32
+  call void @runtime.printptr(i32 %unmatched)
+  call void @runtime.printnl()
+  ret void
+
+typeswitch.notUnmatched:
+  %isDoubler = call i1 @runtime.interfaceImplements(i32 %typecode, i8** getelementptr inbounds ([1 x i8*], [1 x i8*]* @"Doubler$interface", i32 0, i32 0))
+  br i1 %isDoubler, label %typeswitch.Doubler, label %typeswitch.notDoubler
+
+typeswitch.Doubler:
+  %doubler.func = call i32 @runtime.interfaceMethod(i32 %typecode, i8** getelementptr inbounds ([1 x i8*], [1 x i8*]* @"Doubler$interface", i32 0, i32 0), i8* nonnull @"func Double() int")
+  %doubler.func.cast = inttoptr i32 %doubler.func to i32 (i8*)*
+  %doubler.result = call i32 %doubler.func.cast(i8* %value)
+  call void @runtime.printint32(i32 %doubler.result)
+  ret void
+
+typeswitch.notDoubler:
+  %isByte = call i1 @runtime.typeAssert(i32 %typecode, %runtime.typecodeID* nonnull @"reflect/types.type:basic:uint8")
+  br i1 %isByte, label %typeswitch.byte, label %typeswitch.notByte
+
+typeswitch.byte:
+  %byte = ptrtoint i8* %value to i8
+  call void @runtime.printuint8(i8 %byte)
+  call void @runtime.printnl()
+  ret void
+
+typeswitch.notByte:
+  ret void
+}
+
+define i32 @"(Number).Double"(i32 %receiver) {
+  %ret = mul i32 %receiver, 2
+  ret i32 %ret
+}
+
+define i32 @"(Number).Double$invoke"(i8* %receiverPtr) {
+  %receiver = ptrtoint i8* %receiverPtr to i32
+  %ret = call i32 @"(Number).Double"(i32 %receiver)
+  ret i32 %ret
+}

transform/testdata/interface.out.ll

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-i64:64-v128:64:128-a:0:32-n32-S64"
+target triple = "armv7m-none-eabi"
+
+%runtime.typecodeID = type { %runtime.typecodeID*, i32 }
+
+@"reflect/types.type:basic:uint8" = external constant %runtime.typecodeID
+@"reflect/types.type:basic:int" = external constant %runtime.typecodeID
+@"func NeverImplementedMethod()" = external constant i8
+@"Unmatched$interface" = private constant [1 x i8*] [i8* @"func NeverImplementedMethod()"]
+@"func Double() int" = external constant i8
+@"Doubler$interface" = private constant [1 x i8*] [i8* @"func Double() int"]
+@"reflect/types.type:named:Number" = private constant %runtime.typecodeID { %runtime.typecodeID* @"reflect/types.type:basic:int", i32 0 }
+
+declare i1 @runtime.interfaceImplements(i32, i8**)
+
+declare i1 @runtime.typeAssert(i32, %runtime.typecodeID*)
+
+declare i32 @runtime.interfaceMethod(i32, i8**, i8*)
+
+declare void @runtime.printuint8(i8)
+
+declare void @runtime.printint32(i32)
+
+declare void @runtime.printptr(i32)
+
+declare void @runtime.printnl()
+
+define void @printInterfaces() {
+  call void @printInterface(i32 4, i8* inttoptr (i32 5 to i8*))
+  call void @printInterface(i32 16, i8* inttoptr (i8 120 to i8*))
+  call void @printInterface(i32 68, i8* inttoptr (i32 3 to i8*))
+  ret void
+}
+
+define void @printInterface(i32 %typecode, i8* %value) {
+  %typeassert.ok1 = call i1 @"Unmatched$typeassert"(i32 %typecode)
+  br i1 %typeassert.ok1, label %typeswitch.Unmatched, label %typeswitch.notUnmatched
+
+typeswitch.Unmatched:
+  %unmatched = ptrtoint i8* %value to i32
+  call void @runtime.printptr(i32 %unmatched)
+  call void @runtime.printnl()
+  ret void
+
+typeswitch.notUnmatched:
+  %typeassert.ok = call i1 @"Doubler$typeassert"(i32 %typecode)
+  br i1 %typeassert.ok, label %typeswitch.Doubler, label %typeswitch.notDoubler
+
+typeswitch.Doubler:
+  %doubler.result = call i32 @"(Number).Double$invoke"(i8* %value)
+  call void @runtime.printint32(i32 %doubler.result)
+  ret void
+
+typeswitch.notDoubler:
+  %typeassert.ok2 = icmp eq i32 16, %typecode
+  br i1 %typeassert.ok2, label %typeswitch.byte, label %typeswitch.notByte
+
+typeswitch.byte:
+  %byte = ptrtoint i8* %value to i8
+  call void @runtime.printuint8(i8 %byte)
+  call void @runtime.printnl()
+  ret void
+
+typeswitch.notByte:
+  ret void
+}
+
+define i32 @"(Number).Double"(i32 %receiver) {
+  %ret = mul i32 %receiver, 2
+  ret i32 %ret
+}
+
+define i32 @"(Number).Double$invoke"(i8* %receiverPtr) {
+  %receiver = ptrtoint i8* %receiverPtr to i32
+  %ret = call i32 @"(Number).Double"(i32 %receiver)
+  ret i32 %ret
+}
+
+define internal i1 @"Doubler$typeassert"(i32 %actualType) unnamed_addr {
+entry:
+  switch i32 %actualType, label %else [
+    i32 68, label %then
+  ]
+
+then:
+  ret i1 true
+
+else:
+  ret i1 false
+}
+
+define internal i1 @"Unmatched$typeassert"(i32 %actualType) unnamed_addr {
+entry:
+  switch i32 %actualType, label %else [
+  ]
+
+then:
+  ret i1 true
+
+else:
+  ret i1 false
+}