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<h1> bt</h1>
<!--INDEX "backtrace count"btcmd "bt command" -->
<p>Thebtcommand displays a function call backtrace.
<h2> Format</h2>
<p> The format for the bt command is:</p>
<dl>
<pre><font size="+1"> bt [-v] [ cnt]
</font><br>where:
</pre>
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<td align=LEFT valign=TOP width="66">
<pre>-v</pre>
</td>
<td width="703">specifies that each function’s stackframe base address and
size should be displayed. </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="66">
<pre>cnt</pre>
</td>
<td width="703">specifies the number of lines to be displayed. &nbsp;</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>When invoking this command with no options, the backtrace displays the names
and up to four arguments for each level of stackframe.
</dl>
<h2> Functional Description</h2>
<dl>
<dd> The bt command displays a list of function calls, starting with the function
in which the User Stack register currently lies, and finishing when a return
address becomes ‘‘invalid’’. An address is deemed invalid if it does not lie
within one of the ranges specified by the validpcenvironment variable.<br>
&nbsp;
<p>Each line of output gives the current position in a function, and up to
four of its arguments. The arguments can only be retrieved if they are saved
within the function prologue, and this is unlikely to be the case for assembler
functions and optimized C code. If you want to be able to see the arguments
to C functions, then compile your program with optimization disabled. If
the -v option is given, then the command additionally displays the stack-frame
base address and size for each function. It will also indicate the amount
of dynamic stack space allocated using C’s alloca() function, or equivalent.
</dd>
<dt>&nbsp;</dt>
<dd>
<p> The output of this command is passed to the more command, letting the
user view one screenful of output at a time. Optionally, the user can specify
<font size="+1"> <font face="Courier New, Courier, mono">cnt</font></font>,
which limits the number of lines to that number. An example illustrating
the use of the bt command follows.
<p>Example illustrating the use of the bt command follows. (MIPS code)<br>
&nbsp;
</dd>
<dd>
<pre>PMON> <b>c write+10</b> <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;write+0x0010&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3c09a07f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lui&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;t1,0xa07f <br>PMON> <b>bt</b> <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;write+0x0010&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(0x00000001,0xa0030300,0x0000001c) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;flsbuf+0x0234&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(0xa0030300,0xa0029030) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;printf+0x045c&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(0xa0025490,0xa0020000,0x000000001,0x00000010) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;main+0x0138&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(0x00000001,0xa07ffffe0) <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;_start+0x0040&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;()
</pre>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2> See Also</h2>
<dl>
<dd> See also the <a href="c_more.htm">more</a> command </dd>
</dl>
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