In the generic for loop, it is simpler for OP_TFORLOOP to use the
same 'ra' as OP_TFORCALL. Moreover, the internal names of the loop
temporaries "(for ...)" don't need to leak internal details (even
because the numerical for loop doesn't have a fixed role for each of
its temporaries).
This commit detaches the number of active variables from the
number of variables in the stack, during compilation. Soon,
compile-time constants will be propagated and therefore will
not exist during run time (in the stack).
VLOCAL expressions keep a reference to their corresponding 'Vardesc',
and 'Upvaldesc' (for upvalues) has a field 'ro' (read-only). So, it is
easier to check whether a variable is read-only. The decoupling in
VLOCAL between 'vidx' ('Vardesc' index) and 'sidx' (stack index)
should also help the forthcoming implementation of compile-time
constant propagation.
The syntax for local attributes ('const'/'toclose') was unified with
the regular syntax for local variables, so that we can have variables
with attributes in local definitions with multiple names; for instance:
local <toclose> f, <const> err = io.open(fname)
This new syntax does not implement constant propagation, yet.
This commit also has some small improvements to the manual.
In the 'io' library, changed the use of the metatable also as its
own "method table", so that metamethods cannot be accessed as if they
were methods. (For instance, 'io.stdin.__gc' does not result in
the finalizer metamethod anymore.)
- Better documentation in 'testes/cstack.lua' about using
'debug.setCstacklimit' to find a good limit.
- Constant LUAI_MAXCSTACK gets added CSTACKERR (extra stack for
error handling), so that it is compatible with the argument to
'debug.setCstacklimit'.
- Added a test for calling 'debug.traceback' after yields inside
hooks. (Lua 5.3 seems to have a bug there.)
- Removed test "repeat test with '__open' metamethod instead of a
function", as the previous test already uses the '__open' metamethod.
(It changed when functions were removed as possible to-be-closed
variables).
Removed the field 'name' from the structure 'Vardesc', as the name
of the local variable is already available in the prototype of the
function, through the index 'idx'.
Ensure that operation macros, such as 'luai_numdiv' and 'luai_numidiv',
operate only on variables, or at most at 's2v(ra)'. ('s2v' is a nop, a
cast from pointer to pointer.)
When there are multiple errors when closing objects, the error
reported by the protected call is the first one, for two reasons:
First, other errors may be caused by this one;
second, the first error is handled in the original execution context,
and therefore has the full traceback.
Instead of a 'tocont' flag, the function 'warn' in Lua now receives all
message pieces as multiple arguments in a single call. Besides being
simpler to use, this implementation ensures that Lua code cannot create
unfinished warnings.
- tests show progress in real time, so that we can see maximum
stack levels even if test crashes.
- new test for recursion continuing into message handler.
'luaL_traceback' changed to use an aux buffer instead of concats.
This should reduce the quantity of garbage it generates (in the
form of intermediate strings) while producing a trackback.
It also added information about the number of levels skipped when
skipping levels in a trace.
- new error message for "attempt to assign to const variable"
- note in the manual about compatibility options
- comments
- small changes in 'read_line' and 'pushstr'
- The preprocessor must work with at least 'long', and therefore must
do shifts of up to 31 bits correctly.
- Whenever possible, use unsigned types in shifts.
The flag for to-be-closed variables was changed from '*toclose'
to '<toclose>'. Several people found confusing the old syntax and
the new one has a clear terminator, making it more flexible for
future changes.
Back to how it was, a coroutine does not unwind its stack in case of
errors (and therefore do not close its to-be-closed variables). This
allows the stack to be examined after the error. The program can
use 'coroutine.kill' to close the variables.
The function created by 'coroutine.wrap', however, closes the
coroutine's variables in case of errors, as it is impossible to examine
the stack any way.
- 'L' added to the 'BuffFS' structure
- '%c' does not handle control characters (it is not its business.
This now is done by the lexer, who is the one in charge of that
kind of errors.)
- avoid the direct use of 'l_sprintf' in the Lua kernel
Both when setting a path and searching for a file ('searchpath'),
this commit reduces the number of intermediate strings created
in Lua.
(For setting a path the change is not relevant, because this is
done only twice when loading the module. Anyway, it is a nice example
of how to use auxlib buffers to manipulate strings in the C API.)
To-be-closed variables in C use 'ci.nresults' to code that there is
a variable to be closed in that function. The intialization of the
base C level (the one "running" when calling API functions outside
any Lua call) did not initialize 'ci.nresults', creating (correct)
warnings in valgrind.
Added a new function 'luaL_addgsub', similar to 'luaL_gsub' but that
adds its result directly to a preexisting buffer, avoiding the creation
of one extra intermediate string. Also added two simple macros,
'luaL_bufflen' and 'luaL_buffaddr', to query the current length
and the contents address of a buffer.
The function 'luaO_pushvfstring' now uses an internal buffer to
concatenate small strings, instead of pushing all pieces on the
stack. This avoids the creation of several small Lua strings for each
piece of the result. (For instance, a format like "n: '%d'" used to
create three intermediate strings: "n: '", the numeral, and "'".
Now it creates none.)
The result of "string.format("%.99f", -1e308) is 410 characters long,
but all other formats have much smaller limits (at most 99 plus a fex
extras). This commit avoids 'string.format' asking for a buffer
~400 chars large when ~100 will do.
Avoid creating extra strings when possible:
- avoid creating new resulting string when subject was not modified
(instead, return the subject itself);
- avoid creating strings representing the captured substrings when
handling replacements like '%1' (instead, add the substring directly
to the buffer).
Roberto Ierusalimschy