/* ** $Id: lua.c,v 1.221 2014/11/02 19:33:33 roberto Exp roberto $ ** Lua stand-alone interpreter ** See Copyright Notice in lua.h */ #define lua_c #include "lprefix.h" #include #include #include #include #include "lua.h" #include "lauxlib.h" #include "lualib.h" #if !defined(LUA_PROMPT) #define LUA_PROMPT "> " #define LUA_PROMPT2 ">> " #endif #if !defined(LUA_PROGNAME) #define LUA_PROGNAME "lua" #endif #if !defined(LUA_MAXINPUT) #define LUA_MAXINPUT 512 #endif #if !defined(LUA_INIT_VAR) #define LUA_INIT_VAR "LUA_INIT" #endif #define LUA_INITVARVERSION \ LUA_INIT_VAR "_" LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "_" LUA_VERSION_MINOR /* ** lua_stdin_is_tty detects whether the standard input is a 'tty' (that ** is, whether we're running lua interactively). */ #if !defined(lua_stdin_is_tty) /* { */ #if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* { */ #include #define lua_stdin_is_tty() isatty(0) #elif defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS) /* }{ */ #include #define lua_stdin_is_tty() _isatty(_fileno(stdin)) #else /* }{ */ /* ISO C definition */ #define lua_stdin_is_tty() 1 /* assume stdin is a tty */ #endif /* } */ #endif /* } */ /* ** lua_readline defines how to show a prompt and then read a line from ** the standard input. ** lua_saveline defines how to "save" a read line in a "history". ** lua_freeline defines how to free a line read by lua_readline. */ #if !defined(lua_readline) /* { */ #if defined(LUA_USE_READLINE) /* { */ #include #include #define lua_readline(L,b,p) ((void)L, ((b)=readline(p)) != NULL) #define lua_saveline(L,idx) \ if (lua_rawlen(L,idx) > 0) /* non-empty line? */ \ add_history(lua_tostring(L, idx)); /* add it to history */ #define lua_freeline(L,b) ((void)L, free(b)) #else /* }{ */ #define lua_readline(L,b,p) \ ((void)L, fputs(p, stdout), fflush(stdout), /* show prompt */ \ fgets(b, LUA_MAXINPUT, stdin) != NULL) /* get line */ #define lua_saveline(L,idx) { (void)L; (void)idx; } #define lua_freeline(L,b) { (void)L; (void)b; } #endif /* } */ #endif /* } */ static lua_State *globalL = NULL; static const char *progname = LUA_PROGNAME; /* ** Hook set by signal function to stop the interpreter. */ static void lstop (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) { (void)ar; /* unused arg. */ lua_sethook(L, NULL, 0, 0); /* reset hook */ luaL_error(L, "interrupted!"); } /* ** Function to be called at a C signal. Because a C signal cannot ** just change a Lua state (as there is no proper synchronization), ** this function only sets a hook that, when called, will stop the ** interpreter. */ static void laction (int i) { signal(i, SIG_DFL); /* if another SIGINT happens, terminate process */ lua_sethook(globalL, lstop, LUA_MASKCALL | LUA_MASKRET | LUA_MASKCOUNT, 1); } static void print_usage (const char *badoption) { lua_writestringerror("%s: ", progname); if (badoption[1] == 'e' || badoption[1] == 'l') lua_writestringerror("'%s' needs argument\n", badoption); else lua_writestringerror("unrecognized option '%s'\n", badoption); lua_writestringerror( "usage: %s [options] [script [args]]\n" "Available options are:\n" " -e stat execute string 'stat'\n" " -i enter interactive mode after executing 'script'\n" " -l name require library 'name'\n" " -v show version information\n" " -E ignore environment variables\n" " -- stop handling options\n" " - stop handling options and execute stdin\n" , progname); } /* ** Prints an error message, adding the program name in front of it ** (if present) */ static void l_message (const char *pname, const char *msg) { if (pname) lua_writestringerror("%s: ", pname); lua_writestringerror("%s\n", msg); } /* ** Check whether 'status' is not OK and, if so, prints the error ** message on the top of the stack. It assumes that the error object ** is a string, as it was either generated by Lua or by 'msghandler'. */ static int report (lua_State *L, int status) { if (status != LUA_OK) { const char *msg = lua_tostring(L, -1); l_message(progname, msg); lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove message */ } return status; } /* ** Message handler used to run all chunks */ static int msghandler (lua_State *L) { const char *msg = lua_tostring(L, 1); if (msg == NULL) { /* is error object not a string? */ if (luaL_callmeta(L, 1, "__tostring") && /* does it have a metamethod */ lua_type(L, -1) == LUA_TSTRING) /* that produces a string? */ return 1; /* that is the message */ else msg = lua_pushfstring(L, "(error object is a %s value)", luaL_typename(L, 1)); } luaL_traceback(L, L, msg, 1); /* append a standard traceback */ return 1; /* return the traceback */ } /* ** Interface to 'lua_pcall', which sets appropriate message function ** and C-signal handler. Used to run all chunks. */ static int docall (lua_State *L, int narg, int nres) { int status; int base = lua_gettop(L) - narg; /* function index */ lua_pushcfunction(L, msghandler); /* push message handler */ lua_insert(L, base); /* put it under function and args */ globalL = L; /* to be available to 'laction' */ signal(SIGINT, laction); /* set C-signal handler */ status = lua_pcall(L, narg, nres, base); signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL); /* reset C-signal handler */ lua_remove(L, base); /* remove message handler from the stack */ return status; } static void print_version (void) { lua_writestring(LUA_COPYRIGHT, strlen(LUA_COPYRIGHT)); lua_writeline(); } /* ** Create the 'arg' table, which stores all arguments from the ** command line ('argv'). It should be aligned so that, at index 0, ** it has 'argv[script]', which is the script name. The arguments ** to the script (everything after 'script') go to positive indices; ** other arguments (before the script name) go to negative indices. ** If there is no script name, assume interpreter's name as base. */ static void createargtable (lua_State *L, char **argv, int argc, int script) { int i, narg; if (script == argc) script = 0; /* no script name? */ narg = argc - (script + 1); /* number of positive indices */ lua_createtable(L, narg, script + 1); for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) { lua_pushstring(L, argv[i]); lua_rawseti(L, -2, i - script); } lua_setglobal(L, "arg"); } static int dochunk (lua_State *L, int status) { if (status == LUA_OK) status = docall(L, 0, 0); return report(L, status); } static int dofile (lua_State *L, const char *name) { return dochunk(L, luaL_loadfile(L, name)); } static int dostring (lua_State *L, const char *s, const char *name) { return dochunk(L, luaL_loadbuffer(L, s, strlen(s), name)); } /* ** Calls 'require(name)' and stores the result in a global variable ** with the given name. */ static int dolibrary (lua_State *L, const char *name) { int status; lua_getglobal(L, "require"); lua_pushstring(L, name); status = docall(L, 1, 1); /* call 'require(name)' */ if (status == LUA_OK) lua_setglobal(L, name); /* global[name] = require return */ return report(L, status); } /* ** Returns the string to be used as a prompt by the interpreter. */ static const char *get_prompt (lua_State *L, int firstline) { const char *p; lua_getglobal(L, firstline ? "_PROMPT" : "_PROMPT2"); p = lua_tostring(L, -1); if (p == NULL) p = (firstline ? LUA_PROMPT : LUA_PROMPT2); return p; } /* mark in error messages for incomplete statements */ #define EOFMARK "" #define marklen (sizeof(EOFMARK)/sizeof(char) - 1) /* ** Check whether 'status' signals a syntax error and the error ** message at the top of the stack ends with the above mark for ** incomplete statements. */ static int incomplete (lua_State *L, int status) { if (status == LUA_ERRSYNTAX) { size_t lmsg; const char *msg = lua_tolstring(L, -1, &lmsg); if (lmsg >= marklen && strcmp(msg + lmsg - marklen, EOFMARK) == 0) { lua_pop(L, 1); return 1; } } return 0; /* else... */ } /* ** Prompt the user, read a line, and push it into the Lua stack. */ static int pushline (lua_State *L, int firstline) { char buffer[LUA_MAXINPUT]; char *b = buffer; size_t l; const char *prmt = get_prompt(L, firstline); int readstatus = lua_readline(L, b, prmt); if (readstatus == 0) return 0; /* no input (prompt will be popped by caller) */ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove prompt */ l = strlen(b); if (l > 0 && b[l-1] == '\n') /* line ends with newline? */ b[l-1] = '\0'; /* remove it */ if (firstline && b[0] == '=') /* for compatibility with 5.2, ... */ lua_pushfstring(L, "return %s", b + 1); /* change '=' to 'return' */ else lua_pushstring(L, b); lua_freeline(L, b); return 1; } /* ** Try to compile line on the stack as 'return '; on return, stack ** has either compiled chunk or original line (if compilation failed). */ static int addreturn (lua_State *L) { int status; size_t len; const char *line; lua_pushliteral(L, "return "); lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* duplicate line */ lua_concat(L, 2); /* new line is "return ..." */ line = lua_tolstring(L, -1, &len); if ((status = luaL_loadbuffer(L, line, len, "=stdin")) == LUA_OK) lua_remove(L, -3); /* remove original line */ else lua_pop(L, 2); /* remove result from 'luaL_loadbuffer' and new line */ return status; } /* ** Read multiple lines until a complete Lua statement */ static int multiline (lua_State *L) { for (;;) { /* repeat until gets a complete statement */ size_t len; const char *line = lua_tolstring(L, 1, &len); /* get what it has */ int status = luaL_loadbuffer(L, line, len, "=stdin"); /* try it */ if (!incomplete(L, status) || !pushline(L, 0)) return status; /* cannot or should not try to add continuation line */ lua_pushliteral(L, "\n"); /* add newline... */ lua_insert(L, -2); /* ...between the two lines */ lua_concat(L, 3); /* join them */ } } /* ** Read a line and try to load (compile) it first as an expression (by ** adding "return " in front of it) and second as a statement. Return ** the final status of load/call with the resulting function (if any) ** in the top of the stack. */ static int loadline (lua_State *L) { int status; lua_settop(L, 0); if (!pushline(L, 1)) return -1; /* no input */ if ((status = addreturn(L)) != LUA_OK) /* 'return ...' did not work? */ status = multiline(L); /* try as command, maybe with continuation lines */ lua_saveline(L, 1); /* keep history */ lua_remove(L, 1); /* remove line from the stack */ lua_assert(lua_gettop(L) == 1); return status; } /* ** Prints (calling the Lua 'print' function) any values on the stack */ static void l_print (lua_State *L) { int n = lua_gettop(L); if (n > 0) { /* any result to be printed? */ luaL_checkstack(L, LUA_MINSTACK, "too many results to print"); lua_getglobal(L, "print"); lua_insert(L, 1); if (lua_pcall(L, n, 0, 0) != LUA_OK) l_message(progname, lua_pushfstring(L, "error calling 'print' (%s)", lua_tostring(L, -1))); } } /* ** Do the REPL: repeatedly read (load) a line, evaluate (call) it, and ** print any results. */ static void doREPL (lua_State *L) { int status; const char *oldprogname = progname; progname = NULL; /* no 'progname' on errors in interactive mode */ while ((status = loadline(L)) != -1) { if (status == LUA_OK) status = docall(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET); if (status == LUA_OK) l_print(L); else report(L, status); } lua_settop(L, 0); /* clear stack */ lua_writeline(); progname = oldprogname; } /* ** Push on the stack the contents of table 'arg' from 1 to #arg */ static int pushargs (lua_State *L) { int i, n; if (lua_getglobal(L, "arg") != LUA_TTABLE) luaL_error(L, "'arg' is not a table"); n = (int)luaL_len(L, -1); luaL_checkstack(L, n + 3, "too many arguments to script"); for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) lua_rawgeti(L, -i, i); lua_remove(L, -i); /* remove table from the stack */ return n; } static int handle_script (lua_State *L, char **argv) { int status; const char *fname = argv[0]; if (strcmp(fname, "-") == 0 && strcmp(argv[-1], "--") != 0) fname = NULL; /* stdin */ status = luaL_loadfile(L, fname); if (status == LUA_OK) { int n = pushargs(L); /* push arguments to script */ status = docall(L, n, LUA_MULTRET); } return report(L, status); } /* bits of various argument indicators in 'args' */ #define has_error 1 /* bad option */ #define has_i 2 /* -i */ #define has_v 4 /* -v */ #define has_e 8 /* -e */ #define has_E 16 /* -E */ /* ** Traverses all arguments from 'argv', returning a mask with those ** needed before running any Lua code (or an error code if it finds ** any invalid argument). 'first' returns the first not-handled argument ** (either the script name or a bad argument in case of error). */ static int collectargs (char **argv, int *first) { int args = 0; int i; for (i = 1; argv[i] != NULL; i++) { *first = i; if (argv[i][0] != '-') /* not an option? */ return args; /* stop handling options */ switch (argv[i][1]) { /* else check option */ case '-': /* '--' */ if (argv[i][2] != '\0') /* extra characters after '--'? */ return has_error; /* invalid option */ *first = i + 1; return args; case '\0': /* '-' */ return args; /* script "name" is '-' */ case 'E': if (argv[i][2] != '\0') /* extra characters after 1st? */ return has_error; /* invalid option */ args |= has_E; break; case 'i': args |= has_i; /* goes through (-i implies -v) */ case 'v': if (argv[i][2] != '\0') /* extra characters after 1st? */ return has_error; /* invalid option */ args |= has_v; break; case 'e': args |= has_e; /* go through */ case 'l': /* both options need an argument */ if (argv[i][2] == '\0') { /* no concatenated argument? */ i++; /* try next 'argv' */ if (argv[i] == NULL || argv[i][0] == '-') return has_error; /* no next argument or it is another option */ } break; default: /* invalid option */ return has_error; } } *first = i; /* no script name */ return args; } /* ** Processes options 'e' and 'l', which involve running Lua code. ** Returns 0 if some code raises an error. */ static int runargs (lua_State *L, char **argv, int n) { int i; for (i = 1; i < n; i++) { int status; int option = argv[i][1]; lua_assert(argv[i][0] == '-'); /* already checked */ if (option == 'e' || option == 'l') { const char *extra = argv[i] + 2; /* both options need an argument */ if (*extra == '\0') extra = argv[++i]; lua_assert(extra != NULL); if (option == 'e') status = dostring(L, extra, "=(command line)"); else status = dolibrary(L, extra); if (status != LUA_OK) return 0; } } return 1; } static int handle_luainit (lua_State *L) { const char *name = "=" LUA_INITVARVERSION; const char *init = getenv(name + 1); if (init == NULL) { name = "=" LUA_INIT_VAR; init = getenv(name + 1); /* try alternative name */ } if (init == NULL) return LUA_OK; else if (init[0] == '@') return dofile(L, init+1); else return dostring(L, init, name); } /* ** Main body of stand-alone interpreter (to be called in protected mode). ** Reads the options and handles them all. */ static int pmain (lua_State *L) { int argc = (int)lua_tointeger(L, 1); char **argv = (char **)lua_touserdata(L, 2); int script; int args = collectargs(argv, &script); luaL_checkversion(L); /* check that interpreter has correct version */ if (argv[0] && argv[0][0]) progname = argv[0]; if (args == has_error) { /* bad arg? */ print_usage(argv[script]); /* 'script' has index of bad arg. */ return 0; } if (args & has_v) /* option '-v'? */ print_version(); if (args & has_E) { /* option '-E'? */ lua_pushboolean(L, 1); /* signal for libraries to ignore env. vars. */ lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "LUA_NOENV"); } luaL_openlibs(L); /* open standard libraries */ createargtable(L, argv, argc, script); /* create table 'arg' */ if (!(args & has_E)) { /* no option '-E'? */ if (handle_luainit(L) != LUA_OK) /* run LUA_INIT */ return 0; /* error running LUA_INIT */ } if (!runargs(L, argv, script)) /* execute arguments -e and -l */ return 0; /* something failed */ if (script < argc && /* execute main script (if there is one) */ handle_script(L, argv + script) != LUA_OK) return 0; if (args & has_i) /* -i option? */ doREPL(L); /* do read-eval-print loop */ else if (script == argc && !(args & (has_e | has_v))) { /* no arguments? */ if (lua_stdin_is_tty()) { /* running in interactive mode? */ print_version(); doREPL(L); /* do read-eval-print loop */ } else dofile(L, NULL); /* executes stdin as a file */ } lua_pushboolean(L, 1); /* signal no errors */ return 1; } int main (int argc, char **argv) { int status, result; lua_State *L = luaL_newstate(); /* create state */ if (L == NULL) { l_message(argv[0], "cannot create state: not enough memory"); return EXIT_FAILURE; } lua_pushcfunction(L, &pmain); /* to call 'pmain' in protected mode */ lua_pushinteger(L, argc); /* 1st argument */ lua_pushlightuserdata(L, argv); /* 2nd argument */ status = lua_pcall(L, 2, 1, 0); /* do the call */ result = lua_toboolean(L, -1); /* get result */ report(L, status); lua_close(L); return (result && status == LUA_OK) ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE; }