lua/lparser.c

/*
** $Id: lparser.c,v 2.98 2011/02/07 12:28:27 roberto Exp roberto $
** Lua Parser
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/


#include <string.h>

#define lparser_c
#define LUA_CORE

#include "lua.h"

#include "lcode.h"
#include "ldebug.h"
#include "ldo.h"
#include "lfunc.h"
#include "llex.h"
#include "lmem.h"
#include "lobject.h"
#include "lopcodes.h"
#include "lparser.h"
#include "lstate.h"
#include "lstring.h"
#include "ltable.h"



/* maximum number of local variables per function (must be smaller
   than 250, due to the bytecode format) */
#define MAXVARS		200


#define hasmultret(k)		((k) == VCALL || (k) == VVARARG)



/*
** nodes for block list (list of active blocks)
*/
typedef struct BlockCnt {
  struct BlockCnt *previous;  /* chain */
  int breaklist;  /* list of jumps out of this loop */
  int firstlabel;  /* index of first label in this block */
  int firstgoto;  /* index of first pending goto in this block */
  lu_byte nactvar;  /* # active locals outside the block */
  lu_byte upval;  /* true if some variable in the block is an upvalue */
  lu_byte isbreakable;  /* true if `block' is a loop */
} BlockCnt;



/*
** prototypes for recursive non-terminal functions
*/
static void statlist (LexState *ls);
static void expr (LexState *ls, expdesc *v);


static void anchor_token (LexState *ls) {
  /* last token from outer function must be EOS */
  lua_assert(ls->fs != NULL || ls->t.token == TK_EOS);
  if (ls->t.token == TK_NAME || ls->t.token == TK_STRING) {
    TString *ts = ls->t.seminfo.ts;
    luaX_newstring(ls, getstr(ts), ts->tsv.len);
  }
}


static void error_expected (LexState *ls, int token) {
  luaX_syntaxerror(ls,
      luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "%s expected", luaX_token2str(ls, token)));
}


static void errorlimit (FuncState *fs, int limit, const char *what) {
  const char *msg;
  int line = fs->f->linedefined;
  const char *where = (line == 0)
                      ? "main function"
                      : luaO_pushfstring(fs->L, "function at line %d", line);
  msg = luaO_pushfstring(fs->L, "too many %s (limit is %d) in %s",
                                what, limit, where);
  luaX_syntaxerror(fs->ls, msg);
}


static void checklimit (FuncState *fs, int v, int l, const char *what) {
  if (v > l) errorlimit(fs, l, what);
}


static int testnext (LexState *ls, int c) {
  if (ls->t.token == c) {
    luaX_next(ls);
    return 1;
  }
  else return 0;
}


static void check (LexState *ls, int c) {
  if (ls->t.token != c)
    error_expected(ls, c);
}

static void checknext (LexState *ls, int c) {
  check(ls, c);
  luaX_next(ls);
}


#define check_condition(ls,c,msg)	{ if (!(c)) luaX_syntaxerror(ls, msg); }



static void check_match (LexState *ls, int what, int who, int where) {
  if (!testnext(ls, what)) {
    if (where == ls->linenumber)
      error_expected(ls, what);
    else {
      luaX_syntaxerror(ls, luaO_pushfstring(ls->L,
             "%s expected (to close %s at line %d)",
              luaX_token2str(ls, what), luaX_token2str(ls, who), where));
    }
  }
}


static TString *str_checkname (LexState *ls) {
  TString *ts;
  check(ls, TK_NAME);
  ts = ls->t.seminfo.ts;
  luaX_next(ls);
  return ts;
}


static void init_exp (expdesc *e, expkind k, int i) {
  e->f = e->t = NO_JUMP;
  e->k = k;
  e->u.info = i;
}


static void codestring (LexState *ls, expdesc *e, TString *s) {
  init_exp(e, VK, luaK_stringK(ls->fs, s));
}


static void checkname (LexState *ls, expdesc *e) {
  codestring(ls, e, str_checkname(ls));
}


static int registerlocalvar (LexState *ls, TString *varname) {
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  Proto *f = fs->f;
  int oldsize = f->sizelocvars;
  luaM_growvector(ls->L, f->locvars, fs->nlocvars, f->sizelocvars,
                  LocVar, SHRT_MAX, "local variables");
  while (oldsize < f->sizelocvars) f->locvars[oldsize++].varname = NULL;
  f->locvars[fs->nlocvars].varname = varname;
  luaC_objbarrier(ls->L, f, varname);
  return fs->nlocvars++;
}


static void new_localvar (LexState *ls, TString *name) {
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  Dyndata *dyd = ls->dyd;
  int reg = registerlocalvar(ls, name);
  checklimit(fs, dyd->actvar.n + 1 - fs->firstlocal,
                  MAXVARS, "local variables");
  luaM_growvector(ls->L, dyd->actvar.arr, dyd->actvar.n + 1,
                  dyd->actvar.size, Vardesc, MAX_INT, "local variables");
  dyd->actvar.arr[dyd->actvar.n++].idx = cast(unsigned short, reg);
}


static void new_localvarliteral_ (LexState *ls, const char *name, size_t sz) {
  new_localvar(ls, luaX_newstring(ls, name, sz));
}

#define new_localvarliteral(ls,v) \
	new_localvarliteral_(ls, "" v, (sizeof(v)/sizeof(char))-1)


static LocVar *getlocvar (FuncState *fs, int i) {
  int idx = fs->ls->dyd->actvar.arr[fs->firstlocal + i].idx;
  lua_assert(idx < fs->nlocvars);
  return &fs->f->locvars[idx];
}


static void adjustlocalvars (LexState *ls, int nvars) {
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  fs->nactvar = cast_byte(fs->nactvar + nvars);
  for (; nvars; nvars--) {
    getlocvar(fs, fs->nactvar - nvars)->startpc = fs->pc;
  }
}


static void removevars (FuncState *fs, int tolevel) {
  fs->ls->dyd->actvar.n -= (fs->nactvar - tolevel);
  while (fs->nactvar > tolevel)
    getlocvar(fs, --fs->nactvar)->endpc = fs->pc;
}


static int searchupvalue (FuncState *fs, TString *name) {
  int i;
  Upvaldesc *up = fs->f->upvalues;
  for (i = 0; i < fs->nups; i++) {
    if (eqstr(up[i].name, name)) return i;
  }
  return -1;  /* not found */
}


static int newupvalue (FuncState *fs, TString *name, expdesc *v) {
  Proto *f = fs->f;
  int oldsize = f->sizeupvalues;
  checklimit(fs, fs->nups + 1, MAXUPVAL, "upvalues");
  luaM_growvector(fs->L, f->upvalues, fs->nups, f->sizeupvalues,
                  Upvaldesc, MAXUPVAL, "upvalues");
  while (oldsize < f->sizeupvalues) f->upvalues[oldsize++].name = NULL;
  f->upvalues[fs->nups].instack = (v->k == VLOCAL);
  f->upvalues[fs->nups].idx = cast_byte(v->u.info);
  f->upvalues[fs->nups].name = name;
  luaC_objbarrier(fs->L, f, name);
  return fs->nups++;
}


static int searchvar (FuncState *fs, TString *n) {
  int i;
  for (i=fs->nactvar-1; i >= 0; i--) {
    if (eqstr(n, getlocvar(fs, i)->varname))
      return i;
  }
  return -1;  /* not found */
}


/*
  Mark block where variable at given level was defined
  (to emit close instructions later).
*/
static void markupval (FuncState *fs, int level) {
  BlockCnt *bl = fs->bl;
  while (bl && bl->nactvar > level) bl = bl->previous;
  if (bl) bl->upval = 1;
}


/*
  Find variable with given name 'n'. If it is an upvalue, add this
  upvalue into all intermediate functions.
*/
static int singlevaraux (FuncState *fs, TString *n, expdesc *var, int base) {
  if (fs == NULL)  /* no more levels? */
    return VVOID;  /* default is global */
  else {
    int v = searchvar(fs, n);  /* look up locals at current level */
    if (v >= 0) {  /* found? */
      init_exp(var, VLOCAL, v);  /* variable is local */
      if (!base)
        markupval(fs, v);  /* local will be used as an upval */
      return VLOCAL;
    }
    else {  /* not found as local at current level; try upvalues */
      int idx = searchupvalue(fs, n);  /* try existing upvalues */
      if (idx < 0) {  /* not found? */
        if (singlevaraux(fs->prev, n, var, 0) == VVOID) /* try upper levels */
          return VVOID;  /* not found; is a global */
        /* else was LOCAL or UPVAL */
        idx  = newupvalue(fs, n, var);  /* will be a new upvalue */
      }
      init_exp(var, VUPVAL, idx);
      return VUPVAL;
    }
  }
}


static void singlevar (LexState *ls, expdesc *var) {
  TString *varname = str_checkname(ls);
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  if (singlevaraux(fs, varname, var, 1) == VVOID) {  /* global name? */
    expdesc key;
    singlevaraux(fs, ls->envn, var, 1);  /* get environment variable */
    lua_assert(var->k == VLOCAL || var->k == VUPVAL);
    codestring(ls, &key, varname);  /* key is variable name */
    luaK_indexed(fs, var, &key);  /* env[varname] */
  }
}


static void adjust_assign (LexState *ls, int nvars, int nexps, expdesc *e) {
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  int extra = nvars - nexps;
  if (hasmultret(e->k)) {
    extra++;  /* includes call itself */
    if (extra < 0) extra = 0;
    luaK_setreturns(fs, e, extra);  /* last exp. provides the difference */
    if (extra > 1) luaK_reserveregs(fs, extra-1);
  }
  else {
    if (e->k != VVOID) luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, e);  /* close last expression */
    if (extra > 0) {
      int reg = fs->freereg;
      luaK_reserveregs(fs, extra);
      luaK_nil(fs, reg, extra);
    }
  }
}


static void enterlevel (LexState *ls) {
  global_State *g = G(ls->L);
  ++g->nCcalls;
  checklimit(ls->fs, g->nCcalls, LUAI_MAXCCALLS, "syntax levels");
}


#define leavelevel(ls)	(G((ls)->L)->nCcalls--)


static void closegoto (LexState *ls, int g, Labeldesc *label) {
  int i;
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  Dyndata *dyd = ls->dyd;
  Labeldesc *gt = &dyd->gt.arr[g];
  lua_assert(gt->name == label->name);
  if (gt->nactvar < label->nactvar) {
    const char *msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L,
      "<goto> at line %d attemps to jump into the scope of local " LUA_QS,
      gt->line, getstr(getlocvar(fs, gt->nactvar)->varname));;
    luaX_syntaxerror(ls, msg);
  }
  luaK_patchlist(fs, gt->pc, label->pc);
  /* remove goto from pending list */
  for (i = g; i < dyd->gt.n - 1; i++)
    dyd->gt.arr[i] = dyd->gt.arr[i + 1];
  dyd->gt.n--;
}


/*
** try to close a goto with existing labels; this solves backward jumps
*/
static int findlabel (LexState *ls, int g) {
  int i;
  BlockCnt *bl = ls->fs->bl;
  Dyndata *dyd = ls->dyd;
  Labeldesc *gt = &dyd->gt.arr[g];
  /* check labels in current block for a match */
  for (i = bl->firstlabel; i < dyd->label.n; i++) {
    Labeldesc *lb = &dyd->label.arr[i];
    if (lb->name == gt->name) {
      lua_assert(lb->pc <= gt->pc);
      if (gt->nactvar > lb->nactvar &&
          (bl->upval || dyd->label.n > bl->firstlabel))
        luaK_patchclose(ls->fs, gt->pc, lb->nactvar);
      closegoto(ls, g, lb);  /* close it */
      return 1;
    }
  }
  return 0;  /* label not found; cannot close goto */
}


/*
** check whether new label 'lb' matches any pending goto in current
** block; solves forward jumps
*/
static void findgotos (LexState *ls, Labeldesc *lb) {
  int i;
  Dyndata *dyd = ls->dyd;
  for (i = ls->fs->bl->firstgoto; i < dyd->gt.n; i++) {
    if (dyd->gt.arr[i].name == lb->name)
      closegoto(ls, i, lb);
  }
}


/*
** "export" pending gotos to outer level, to check them against
** outer labels; if the block being exited has upvalues, and
** the goto exists the scope of any variable (which can be the
** upvalue), close those variables being exited.
*/
static void movegotosout (FuncState *fs, BlockCnt *bl) {
  int i = bl->firstgoto;
  Dyndata *dyd = fs->ls->dyd;
  /* correct pending gotos to current block and try to close it
     with visible labels */ 
  while (i < dyd->gt.n) {
    Labeldesc *gt = &dyd->gt.arr[i];
    if (gt->nactvar > bl->nactvar) {
      if (bl->upval)
        luaK_patchclose(fs, gt->pc, bl->nactvar);
      gt->nactvar = bl->nactvar;
    }
    if (!findlabel(fs->ls, i))
      i++;  /* move to next one */
  }
}


static void enterblock (FuncState *fs, BlockCnt *bl, lu_byte isbreakable) {
  bl->breaklist = NO_JUMP;
  bl->isbreakable = isbreakable;
  bl->nactvar = fs->nactvar;
  bl->firstlabel = fs->ls->dyd->label.n;
  bl->firstgoto = fs->ls->dyd->gt.n;
  bl->upval = 0;
  bl->previous = fs->bl;
  fs->bl = bl;
  lua_assert(fs->freereg == fs->nactvar);
}


static void leaveblock (FuncState *fs) {
  BlockCnt *bl = fs->bl;
  fs->bl = bl->previous;
  removevars(fs, bl->nactvar);
  fs->ls->dyd->label.n = bl->firstlabel;  /* remove local labels */
  movegotosout(fs, bl);
  if (bl->upval) {
    /* create a 'jump to here' to close upvalues */
    int j = luaK_jump(fs);
    luaK_patchclose(fs, j, bl->nactvar);
    luaK_patchtohere(fs, j);
  }
  /* a block either controls scope or breaks (never both) */
  lua_assert(!bl->isbreakable || !bl->upval);
  lua_assert(bl->nactvar == fs->nactvar);
  fs->freereg = fs->nactvar;  /* free registers */
  luaK_patchtohere(fs, bl->breaklist);
}


/*
** adds prototype being created into its parent list of prototypes
** and codes instruction to create new closure
*/
static void codeclosure (LexState *ls, Proto *clp, expdesc *v) {
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs->prev;
  Proto *f = fs->f;  /* prototype of function creating new closure */
  if (fs->np >= f->sizep) {
    int oldsize = f->sizep;
    luaM_growvector(ls->L, f->p, fs->np, f->sizep, Proto *,
                    MAXARG_Bx, "functions");
    while (oldsize < f->sizep) f->p[oldsize++] = NULL;
  }
  f->p[fs->np++] = clp;
  luaC_objbarrier(ls->L, f, clp);
  init_exp(v, VRELOCABLE, luaK_codeABx(fs, OP_CLOSURE, 0, fs->np-1));
  luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, v);  /* fix it at stack top (for GC) */
}


static void open_func (LexState *ls, FuncState *fs) {
  lua_State *L = ls->L;
  Proto *f;
  fs->prev = ls->fs;  /* linked list of funcstates */
  fs->ls = ls;
  fs->L = L;
  ls->fs = fs;
  fs->pc = 0;
  fs->lasttarget = 0;
  fs->jpc = NO_JUMP;
  fs->freereg = 0;
  fs->nk = 0;
  fs->np = 0;
  fs->nups = 0;
  fs->nlocvars = 0;
  fs->nactvar = 0;
  fs->firstlocal = ls->dyd->actvar.n;
  fs->bl = NULL;
  f = luaF_newproto(L);
  fs->f = f;
  f->source = ls->source;
  f->maxstacksize = 2;  /* registers 0/1 are always valid */
  /* anchor prototype (to avoid being collected) */
  setptvalue2s(L, L->top, f);
  incr_top(L);
  fs->h = luaH_new(L);
  /* anchor table of constants (to avoid being collected) */
  sethvalue2s(L, L->top, fs->h);
  incr_top(L);
}


static void close_func (LexState *ls) {
  lua_State *L = ls->L;
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  Proto *f = fs->f;
  luaK_ret(fs, 0, 0);  /* final return */
  removevars(fs, 0);
  luaM_reallocvector(L, f->code, f->sizecode, fs->pc, Instruction);
  f->sizecode = fs->pc;
  luaM_reallocvector(L, f->lineinfo, f->sizelineinfo, fs->pc, int);
  f->sizelineinfo = fs->pc;
  luaM_reallocvector(L, f->k, f->sizek, fs->nk, TValue);
  f->sizek = fs->nk;
  luaM_reallocvector(L, f->p, f->sizep, fs->np, Proto *);
  f->sizep = fs->np;
  luaM_reallocvector(L, f->locvars, f->sizelocvars, fs->nlocvars, LocVar);
  f->sizelocvars = fs->nlocvars;
  luaM_reallocvector(L, f->upvalues, f->sizeupvalues, fs->nups, Upvaldesc);
  f->sizeupvalues = fs->nups;
  lua_assert(fs->bl == NULL);
  ls->fs = fs->prev;
  /* last token read was anchored in defunct function; must re-anchor it */
  anchor_token(ls);
  L->top--;  /* pop table of constants */
  luaC_checkGC(L);
  L->top--;  /* pop prototype (after possible collection) */
}


/*
** opens the main function, which is a regular vararg function with an
** upvalue named LUA_ENV
*/
static void open_mainfunc (LexState *ls, FuncState *fs) {
  expdesc v;
  open_func(ls, fs);
  fs->f->is_vararg = 1;  /* main function is always vararg */
  init_exp(&v, VLOCAL, 0);
  newupvalue(fs, ls->envn, &v);  /* create environment upvalue */
}


static void mainblock (LexState *ls, FuncState *fs) {
  BlockCnt bl;
  enterblock(fs, &bl, 0);
  statlist(ls);  /* read main block */
  if (bl.firstgoto < ls->dyd->gt.n) {  /* check pending gotos */
    Labeldesc *gt = &ls->dyd->gt.arr[bl.firstgoto];
    const char *msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L,
       "label " LUA_QS " (<goto> at line %d) undefined",
       getstr(gt->name), gt->line);
    luaX_syntaxerror(ls, msg);
  }
  bl.upval = 0;  /* RETURN will close any pending upvalue */
  leaveblock(fs);
}


Proto *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff,
                    Dyndata *dyd, const char *name) {
  LexState lexstate;
  FuncState funcstate;
  TString *tname = luaS_new(L, name);
  setsvalue2s(L, L->top, tname);  /* push name to protect it */
  incr_top(L);
  lexstate.buff = buff;
  lexstate.dyd = dyd;
  dyd->actvar.n = dyd->gt.n = dyd->label.n = 0;
  luaX_setinput(L, &lexstate, z, tname);
  open_mainfunc(&lexstate, &funcstate);
  luaX_next(&lexstate);  /* read first token */
  mainblock(&lexstate, &funcstate);
  check(&lexstate, TK_EOS);
  close_func(&lexstate);
  L->top--;  /* pop name */
  lua_assert(!funcstate.prev && funcstate.nups == 1 && !lexstate.fs);
  return funcstate.f;
}



/*============================================================*/
/* GRAMMAR RULES */
/*============================================================*/


static void fieldsel (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
  /* fieldsel -> ['.' | ':'] NAME */
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  expdesc key;
  luaK_exp2anyregup(fs, v);
  luaX_next(ls);  /* skip the dot or colon */
  checkname(ls, &key);
  luaK_indexed(fs, v, &key);
}


static void yindex (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
  /* index -> '[' expr ']' */
  luaX_next(ls);  /* skip the '[' */
  expr(ls, v);
  luaK_exp2val(ls->fs, v);
  checknext(ls, ']');
}


/*
** {======================================================================
** Rules for Constructors
** =======================================================================
*/


struct ConsControl {
  expdesc v;  /* last list item read */
  expdesc *t;  /* table descriptor */
  int nh;  /* total number of `record' elements */
  int na;  /* total number of array elements */
  int tostore;  /* number of array elements pending to be stored */
};


static void recfield (LexState *ls, struct ConsControl *cc) {
  /* recfield -> (NAME | `['exp1`]') = exp1 */
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  int reg = ls->fs->freereg;
  expdesc key, val;
  int rkkey;
  if (ls->t.token == TK_NAME) {
    checklimit(fs, cc->nh, MAX_INT, "items in a constructor");
    checkname(ls, &key);
  }
  else  /* ls->t.token == '[' */
    yindex(ls, &key);
  cc->nh++;
  checknext(ls, '=');
  rkkey = luaK_exp2RK(fs, &key);
  expr(ls, &val);
  luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_SETTABLE, cc->t->u.info, rkkey, luaK_exp2RK(fs, &val));
  fs->freereg = reg;  /* free registers */
}


static void closelistfield (FuncState *fs, struct ConsControl *cc) {
  if (cc->v.k == VVOID) return;  /* there is no list item */
  luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, &cc->v);
  cc->v.k = VVOID;
  if (cc->tostore == LFIELDS_PER_FLUSH) {
    luaK_setlist(fs, cc->t->u.info, cc->na, cc->tostore);  /* flush */
    cc->tostore = 0;  /* no more items pending */
  }
}


static void lastlistfield (FuncState *fs, struct ConsControl *cc) {
  if (cc->tostore == 0) return;
  if (hasmultret(cc->v.k)) {
    luaK_setmultret(fs, &cc->v);
    luaK_setlist(fs, cc->t->u.info, cc->na, LUA_MULTRET);
    cc->na--;  /* do not count last expression (unknown number of elements) */
  }
  else {
    if (cc->v.k != VVOID)
      luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, &cc->v);
    luaK_setlist(fs, cc->t->u.info, cc->na, cc->tostore);
  }
}


static void listfield (LexState *ls, struct ConsControl *cc) {
  /* listfield -> exp */
  expr(ls, &cc->v);
  checklimit(ls->fs, cc->na, MAX_INT, "items in a constructor");
  cc->na++;
  cc->tostore++;
}


static void field (LexState *ls, struct ConsControl *cc) {
  /* field -> listfield | recfield */
  switch(ls->t.token) {
    case TK_NAME: {  /* may be 'listfield' or 'recfield' */
      if (luaX_lookahead(ls) != '=')  /* expression? */
        listfield(ls, cc);
      else
        recfield(ls, cc);
      break;
    }
    case '[': {
      recfield(ls, cc);
      break;
    }
    default: {
      listfield(ls, cc);
      break;
    }
  }
}


static void constructor (LexState *ls, expdesc *t) {
  /* constructor -> '{' [ field { sep field } [sep] ] '}'
     sep -> ',' | ';' */
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  int line = ls->linenumber;
  int pc = luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_NEWTABLE, 0, 0, 0);
  struct ConsControl cc;
  cc.na = cc.nh = cc.tostore = 0;
  cc.t = t;
  init_exp(t, VRELOCABLE, pc);
  init_exp(&cc.v, VVOID, 0);  /* no value (yet) */
  luaK_exp2nextreg(ls->fs, t);  /* fix it at stack top */
  checknext(ls, '{');
  do {
    lua_assert(cc.v.k == VVOID || cc.tostore > 0);
    if (ls->t.token == '}') break;
    closelistfield(fs, &cc);
    field(ls, &cc);
  } while (testnext(ls, ',') || testnext(ls, ';'));
  check_match(ls, '}', '{', line);
  lastlistfield(fs, &cc);
  SETARG_B(fs->f->code[pc], luaO_int2fb(cc.na)); /* set initial array size */
  SETARG_C(fs->f->code[pc], luaO_int2fb(cc.nh));  /* set initial table size */
}

/* }====================================================================== */



static void parlist (LexState *ls) {
  /* parlist -> [ param { `,' param } ] */
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  Proto *f = fs->f;
  int nparams = 0;
  f->is_vararg = 0;
  if (ls->t.token != ')') {  /* is `parlist' not empty? */
    do {
      switch (ls->t.token) {
        case TK_NAME: {  /* param -> NAME */
          new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls));
          nparams++;
          break;
        }
        case TK_DOTS: {  /* param -> `...' */
          luaX_next(ls);
          f->is_vararg = 1;
          break;
        }
        default: luaX_syntaxerror(ls, "<name> or " LUA_QL("...") " expected");
      }
    } while (!f->is_vararg && testnext(ls, ','));
  }
  adjustlocalvars(ls, nparams);
  f->numparams = cast_byte(fs->nactvar);
  luaK_reserveregs(fs, fs->nactvar);  /* reserve register for parameters */
}


static void body (LexState *ls, expdesc *e, int needself, int line) {
  /* body ->  `(' parlist `)' block END */
  FuncState new_fs;
  open_func(ls, &new_fs);
  new_fs.f->linedefined = line;
  checknext(ls, '(');
  if (needself) {
    new_localvarliteral(ls, "self");
    adjustlocalvars(ls, 1);
  }
  parlist(ls);
  checknext(ls, ')');
  mainblock(ls, &new_fs);
  new_fs.f->lastlinedefined = ls->linenumber;
  check_match(ls, TK_END, TK_FUNCTION, line);
  codeclosure(ls, new_fs.f, e);
  close_func(ls);
}


static int explist1 (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
  /* explist1 -> expr { `,' expr } */
  int n = 1;  /* at least one expression */
  expr(ls, v);
  while (testnext(ls, ',')) {
    luaK_exp2nextreg(ls->fs, v);
    expr(ls, v);
    n++;
  }
  return n;
}


static void funcargs (LexState *ls, expdesc *f, int line) {
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  expdesc args;
  int base, nparams;
  switch (ls->t.token) {
    case '(': {  /* funcargs -> `(' [ explist1 ] `)' */
      luaX_next(ls);
      if (ls->t.token == ')')  /* arg list is empty? */
        args.k = VVOID;
      else {
        explist1(ls, &args);
        luaK_setmultret(fs, &args);
      }
      check_match(ls, ')', '(', line);
      break;
    }
    case '{': {  /* funcargs -> constructor */
      constructor(ls, &args);
      break;
    }
    case TK_STRING: {  /* funcargs -> STRING */
      codestring(ls, &args, ls->t.seminfo.ts);
      luaX_next(ls);  /* must use `seminfo' before `next' */
      break;
    }
    default: {
      luaX_syntaxerror(ls, "function arguments expected");
      return;
    }
  }
  lua_assert(f->k == VNONRELOC);
  base = f->u.info;  /* base register for call */
  if (hasmultret(args.k))
    nparams = LUA_MULTRET;  /* open call */
  else {
    if (args.k != VVOID)
      luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, &args);  /* close last argument */
    nparams = fs->freereg - (base+1);
  }
  init_exp(f, VCALL, luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_CALL, base, nparams+1, 2));
  luaK_fixline(fs, line);
  fs->freereg = base+1;  /* call remove function and arguments and leaves
                            (unless changed) one result */
}




/*
** {======================================================================
** Expression parsing
** =======================================================================
*/


static void prefixexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
  /* prefixexp -> NAME | '(' expr ')' */
  switch (ls->t.token) {
    case '(': {
      int line = ls->linenumber;
      luaX_next(ls);
      expr(ls, v);
      check_match(ls, ')', '(', line);
      luaK_dischargevars(ls->fs, v);
      return;
    }
    case TK_NAME: {
      singlevar(ls, v);
      return;
    }
    default: {
      luaX_syntaxerror(ls, "unexpected symbol");
      return;
    }
  }
}


static void primaryexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
  /* primaryexp ->
        prefixexp { `.' NAME | `[' exp `]' | `:' NAME funcargs | funcargs } */
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  int line = ls->linenumber;
  prefixexp(ls, v);
  for (;;) {
    switch (ls->t.token) {
      case '.': {  /* fieldsel */
        fieldsel(ls, v);
        break;
      }
      case '[': {  /* `[' exp1 `]' */
        expdesc key;
        luaK_exp2anyregup(fs, v);
        yindex(ls, &key);
        luaK_indexed(fs, v, &key);
        break;
      }
      case ':': {  /* `:' NAME funcargs */
        expdesc key;
        luaX_next(ls);
        checkname(ls, &key);
        luaK_self(fs, v, &key);
        funcargs(ls, v, line);
        break;
      }
      case '(': case TK_STRING: case '{': {  /* funcargs */
        luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, v);
        funcargs(ls, v, line);
        break;
      }
      default: return;
    }
  }
}


static void simpleexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
  /* simpleexp -> NUMBER | STRING | NIL | TRUE | FALSE | ... |
                  constructor | FUNCTION body | primaryexp */
  switch (ls->t.token) {
    case TK_NUMBER: {
      init_exp(v, VKNUM, 0);
      v->u.nval = ls->t.seminfo.r;
      break;
    }
    case TK_STRING: {
      codestring(ls, v, ls->t.seminfo.ts);
      break;
    }
    case TK_NIL: {
      init_exp(v, VNIL, 0);
      break;
    }
    case TK_TRUE: {
      init_exp(v, VTRUE, 0);
      break;
    }
    case TK_FALSE: {
      init_exp(v, VFALSE, 0);
      break;
    }
    case TK_DOTS: {  /* vararg */
      FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
      check_condition(ls, fs->f->is_vararg,
                      "cannot use " LUA_QL("...") " outside a vararg function");
      init_exp(v, VVARARG, luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_VARARG, 0, 1, 0));
      break;
    }
    case '{': {  /* constructor */
      constructor(ls, v);
      return;
    }
    case TK_FUNCTION: {
      luaX_next(ls);
      body(ls, v, 0, ls->linenumber);
      return;
    }
    default: {
      primaryexp(ls, v);
      return;
    }
  }
  luaX_next(ls);
}


static UnOpr getunopr (int op) {
  switch (op) {
    case TK_NOT: return OPR_NOT;
    case '-': return OPR_MINUS;
    case '#': return OPR_LEN;
    default: return OPR_NOUNOPR;
  }
}


static BinOpr getbinopr (int op) {
  switch (op) {
    case '+': return OPR_ADD;
    case '-': return OPR_SUB;
    case '*': return OPR_MUL;
    case '/': return OPR_DIV;
    case '%': return OPR_MOD;
    case '^': return OPR_POW;
    case TK_CONCAT: return OPR_CONCAT;
    case TK_NE: return OPR_NE;
    case TK_EQ: return OPR_EQ;
    case '<': return OPR_LT;
    case TK_LE: return OPR_LE;
    case '>': return OPR_GT;
    case TK_GE: return OPR_GE;
    case TK_AND: return OPR_AND;
    case TK_OR: return OPR_OR;
    default: return OPR_NOBINOPR;
  }
}


static const struct {
  lu_byte left;  /* left priority for each binary operator */
  lu_byte right; /* right priority */
} priority[] = {  /* ORDER OPR */
   {6, 6}, {6, 6}, {7, 7}, {7, 7}, {7, 7},  /* `+' `-' `*' `/' `%' */
   {10, 9}, {5, 4},                 /* ^, .. (right associative) */
   {3, 3}, {3, 3}, {3, 3},          /* ==, <, <= */
   {3, 3}, {3, 3}, {3, 3},          /* ~=, >, >= */
   {2, 2}, {1, 1}                   /* and, or */
};

#define UNARY_PRIORITY	8  /* priority for unary operators */


/*
** subexpr -> (simpleexp | unop subexpr) { binop subexpr }
** where `binop' is any binary operator with a priority higher than `limit'
*/
static BinOpr subexpr (LexState *ls, expdesc *v, unsigned int limit) {
  BinOpr op;
  UnOpr uop;
  enterlevel(ls);
  uop = getunopr(ls->t.token);
  if (uop != OPR_NOUNOPR) {
    int line = ls->linenumber;
    luaX_next(ls);
    subexpr(ls, v, UNARY_PRIORITY);
    luaK_prefix(ls->fs, uop, v, line);
  }
  else simpleexp(ls, v);
  /* expand while operators have priorities higher than `limit' */
  op = getbinopr(ls->t.token);
  while (op != OPR_NOBINOPR && priority[op].left > limit) {
    expdesc v2;
    BinOpr nextop;
    int line = ls->linenumber;
    luaX_next(ls);
    luaK_infix(ls->fs, op, v);
    /* read sub-expression with higher priority */
    nextop = subexpr(ls, &v2, priority[op].right);
    luaK_posfix(ls->fs, op, v, &v2, line);
    op = nextop;
  }
  leavelevel(ls);
  return op;  /* return first untreated operator */
}


static void expr (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
  subexpr(ls, v, 0);
}

/* }==================================================================== */



/*
** {======================================================================
** Rules for Statements
** =======================================================================
*/


static int block_follow (int token) {
  switch (token) {
    case TK_ELSE: case TK_ELSEIF: case TK_END:
    case TK_UNTIL: case TK_EOS:
      return 1;
    default: return 0;
  }
}


static void block (LexState *ls) {
  /* block -> statlist */
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  BlockCnt bl;
  enterblock(fs, &bl, 0);
  statlist(ls);
  lua_assert(bl.breaklist == NO_JUMP);
  leaveblock(fs);
}


/*
** structure to chain all variables in the left-hand side of an
** assignment
*/
struct LHS_assign {
  struct LHS_assign *prev;
  expdesc v;  /* variable (global, local, upvalue, or indexed) */
};


/*
** check whether, in an assignment to a local variable, the local variable
** is needed in a previous assignment (to a table). If so, save original
** local value in a safe place and use this safe copy in the previous
** assignment.
*/
static void check_conflict (LexState *ls, struct LHS_assign *lh, expdesc *v) {
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  int extra = fs->freereg;  /* eventual position to save local variable */
  int conflict = 0;
  for (; lh; lh = lh->prev) {
    /* conflict in table 't'? */
    if (lh->v.u.ind.vt == v->k && lh->v.u.ind.t == v->u.info) {
      conflict = 1;
      lh->v.u.ind.vt = VLOCAL;
      lh->v.u.ind.t = extra;  /* previous assignment will use safe copy */
    }
    /* conflict in index 'idx'? */
    if (v->k == VLOCAL && lh->v.u.ind.idx == v->u.info) {
      conflict = 1;
      lh->v.u.ind.idx = extra;  /* previous assignment will use safe copy */
    }
  }
  if (conflict) {
    OpCode op = (v->k == VLOCAL) ? OP_MOVE : OP_GETUPVAL;
    luaK_codeABC(fs, op, fs->freereg, v->u.info, 0);  /* make copy */
    luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1);
  }
}


static void assignment (LexState *ls, struct LHS_assign *lh, int nvars) {
  expdesc e;
  check_condition(ls, vkisvar(lh->v.k), "syntax error");
  if (testnext(ls, ',')) {  /* assignment -> `,' primaryexp assignment */
    struct LHS_assign nv;
    nv.prev = lh;
    primaryexp(ls, &nv.v);
    if (nv.v.k != VINDEXED)
      check_conflict(ls, lh, &nv.v);
    checklimit(ls->fs, nvars, LUAI_MAXCCALLS - G(ls->L)->nCcalls,
                    "variable names");
    assignment(ls, &nv, nvars+1);
  }
  else {  /* assignment -> `=' explist1 */
    int nexps;
    checknext(ls, '=');
    nexps = explist1(ls, &e);
    if (nexps != nvars) {
      adjust_assign(ls, nvars, nexps, &e);
      if (nexps > nvars)
        ls->fs->freereg -= nexps - nvars;  /* remove extra values */
    }
    else {
      luaK_setoneret(ls->fs, &e);  /* close last expression */
      luaK_storevar(ls->fs, &lh->v, &e);
      return;  /* avoid default */
    }
  }
  init_exp(&e, VNONRELOC, ls->fs->freereg-1);  /* default assignment */
  luaK_storevar(ls->fs, &lh->v, &e);
}


static int cond (LexState *ls) {
  /* cond -> exp */
  expdesc v;
  expr(ls, &v);  /* read condition */
  if (v.k == VNIL) v.k = VFALSE;  /* `falses' are all equal here */
  luaK_goiftrue(ls->fs, &v);
  return v.f;
}


/* code a break statement. The last 'if' decides the need to close
   upvalues when leaving the block. If the block has upvalues, it
   must be closed. If it has local variables and any label
   before the break, those variables must be closed too, as they
   may be used as upvalues after the break and through a goto
   be exited through this break.
*/
static void breakstat (LexState *ls) {
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  BlockCnt *bl = fs->bl;
  int upval = 0;
  while (bl && !bl->isbreakable) {
    upval |= bl->upval;
    bl = bl->previous;
  }
  if (!bl)
    luaX_syntaxerror(ls, "no loop to break");
  luaK_concat(fs, &bl->breaklist, luaK_jump(fs));
  if (upval || 
      (fs->nactvar > bl->nactvar &&
       ls->dyd->label.n > bl->firstlabel))
    luaK_patchclose(fs, bl->breaklist, bl->nactvar);
}


static int newlabelentry (LexState *ls, Labellist *l, TString *name,
                          int line, int pc) {
  int n = l->n;
  luaM_growvector(ls->L, l->arr, l->n, l->size, Labeldesc, MAX_INT, "labels");
  l->arr[n].name = name;
  l->arr[n].line = line;
  l->arr[n].nactvar = ls->fs->nactvar;
  l->arr[n].pc = pc;
  l->n++;
  return n;
}


static void gotostat (LexState *ls, TString *label, int line) {
  /* create new entry for this goto */
  int g = newlabelentry(ls, &ls->dyd->gt, label, line, luaK_jump(ls->fs));
  findlabel(ls, g);
}


static void labelstat (LexState *ls, TString *label) {
  /* label -> '@' NAME ':' */
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  int l;  /* index of new label being created */
  Labeldesc *lb;
  checknext(ls, ':');
  /* create new entry for this label */
  l = newlabelentry(ls, &ls->dyd->label, label, 0, fs->pc);
  lb = &ls->dyd->label.arr[l];
  /* if label is last statement in the block,
     assume that local variables are already out of scope */
  if (ls->t.token == TK_END)
    lb->nactvar = fs->bl->nactvar;
  findgotos(ls, lb);
}


static void whilestat (LexState *ls, int line) {
  /* whilestat -> WHILE cond DO block END */
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  int whileinit;
  int condexit;
  BlockCnt bl;
  luaX_next(ls);  /* skip WHILE */
  whileinit = luaK_getlabel(fs);
  condexit = cond(ls);
  enterblock(fs, &bl, 1);
  checknext(ls, TK_DO);
  block(ls);
  luaK_jumpto(fs, whileinit);
  check_match(ls, TK_END, TK_WHILE, line);
  leaveblock(fs);
  luaK_patchtohere(fs, condexit);  /* false conditions finish the loop */
}


static void repeatstat (LexState *ls, int line) {
  /* repeatstat -> REPEAT block UNTIL cond */
  int condexit;
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  int repeat_init = luaK_getlabel(fs);
  BlockCnt bl1, bl2;
  enterblock(fs, &bl1, 1);  /* loop block */
  enterblock(fs, &bl2, 0);  /* scope block */
  luaX_next(ls);  /* skip REPEAT */
  statlist(ls);
  check_match(ls, TK_UNTIL, TK_REPEAT, line);
  condexit = cond(ls);  /* read condition (inside scope block) */
  if (!bl2.upval) {  /* no upvalues? */
    leaveblock(fs);  /* finish scope */
    luaK_patchlist(fs, condexit, repeat_init);  /* close the loop */
  }
  else {  /* complete semantics when there are upvalues */
    breakstat(ls);  /* if condition then break */
    luaK_patchtohere(ls->fs, condexit);  /* else... */
    leaveblock(fs);  /* finish scope... */
    luaK_jumpto(fs, repeat_init);  /* and repeat */
  }
  leaveblock(fs);  /* finish loop */
}


static int exp1 (LexState *ls) {
  expdesc e;
  int reg;
  expr(ls, &e);
  luaK_exp2nextreg(ls->fs, &e);
  lua_assert(e.k == VNONRELOC);
  reg = e.u.info;
  return reg;
}


static void forbody (LexState *ls, int base, int line, int nvars, int isnum) {
  /* forbody -> DO block */
  BlockCnt bl;
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  int prep, endfor;
  adjustlocalvars(ls, 3);  /* control variables */
  checknext(ls, TK_DO);
  prep = isnum ? luaK_codeAsBx(fs, OP_FORPREP, base, NO_JUMP) : luaK_jump(fs);
  enterblock(fs, &bl, 0);  /* scope for declared variables */
  adjustlocalvars(ls, nvars);
  luaK_reserveregs(fs, nvars);
  block(ls);
  leaveblock(fs);  /* end of scope for declared variables */
  luaK_patchtohere(fs, prep);
  if (isnum)  /* numeric for? */
    endfor = luaK_codeAsBx(fs, OP_FORLOOP, base, NO_JUMP);
  else {  /* generic for */
    luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_TFORCALL, base, 0, nvars);
    luaK_fixline(fs, line);
    endfor = luaK_codeAsBx(fs, OP_TFORLOOP, base + 2, NO_JUMP);
  }
  luaK_patchlist(fs, endfor, prep + 1);
  luaK_fixline(fs, line);
}


static void fornum (LexState *ls, TString *varname, int line) {
  /* fornum -> NAME = exp1,exp1[,exp1] forbody */
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  int base = fs->freereg;
  new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for index)");
  new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for limit)");
  new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for step)");
  new_localvar(ls, varname);
  checknext(ls, '=');
  exp1(ls);  /* initial value */
  checknext(ls, ',');
  exp1(ls);  /* limit */
  if (testnext(ls, ','))
    exp1(ls);  /* optional step */
  else {  /* default step = 1 */
    luaK_codek(fs, fs->freereg, luaK_numberK(fs, 1));
    luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1);
  }
  forbody(ls, base, line, 1, 1);
}


static void forlist (LexState *ls, TString *indexname) {
  /* forlist -> NAME {,NAME} IN explist1 forbody */
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  expdesc e;
  int nvars = 4;  /* gen, state, control, plus at least one declared var */
  int line;
  int base = fs->freereg;
  /* create control variables */
  new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for generator)");
  new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for state)");
  new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for control)");
  /* create declared variables */
  new_localvar(ls, indexname);
  while (testnext(ls, ',')) {
    new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls));
    nvars++;
  }
  checknext(ls, TK_IN);
  line = ls->linenumber;
  adjust_assign(ls, 3, explist1(ls, &e), &e);
  luaK_checkstack(fs, 3);  /* extra space to call generator */
  forbody(ls, base, line, nvars - 3, 0);
}


static void forstat (LexState *ls, int line) {
  /* forstat -> FOR (fornum | forlist) END */
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  TString *varname;
  BlockCnt bl;
  enterblock(fs, &bl, 1);  /* scope for loop and control variables */
  luaX_next(ls);  /* skip `for' */
  varname = str_checkname(ls);  /* first variable name */
  switch (ls->t.token) {
    case '=': fornum(ls, varname, line); break;
    case ',': case TK_IN: forlist(ls, varname); break;
    default: luaX_syntaxerror(ls, LUA_QL("=") " or " LUA_QL("in") " expected");
  }
  check_match(ls, TK_END, TK_FOR, line);
  leaveblock(fs);  /* loop scope (`break' jumps to this point) */
}


static int test_then_block (LexState *ls) {
  /* test_then_block -> [IF | ELSEIF] cond THEN block */
  int condexit;
  luaX_next(ls);  /* skip IF or ELSEIF */
  condexit = cond(ls);
  checknext(ls, TK_THEN);
  block(ls);  /* `then' part */
  return condexit;
}


static void ifstat (LexState *ls, int line) {
  /* ifstat -> IF cond THEN block {ELSEIF cond THEN block} [ELSE block] END */
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  int flist;
  int escapelist = NO_JUMP;
  flist = test_then_block(ls);  /* IF cond THEN block */
  while (ls->t.token == TK_ELSEIF) {
    luaK_concat(fs, &escapelist, luaK_jump(fs));
    luaK_patchtohere(fs, flist);
    flist = test_then_block(ls);  /* ELSEIF cond THEN block */
  }
  if (ls->t.token == TK_ELSE) {
    luaK_concat(fs, &escapelist, luaK_jump(fs));
    luaK_patchtohere(fs, flist);
    luaX_next(ls);  /* skip ELSE (after patch, for correct line info) */
    block(ls);  /* `else' part */
  }
  else
    luaK_concat(fs, &escapelist, flist);
  luaK_patchtohere(fs, escapelist);
  check_match(ls, TK_END, TK_IF, line);
}


static void localfunc (LexState *ls) {
  expdesc b;
  new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls));  /* new local variable */
  adjustlocalvars(ls, 1);  /* enter its scope */
  body(ls, &b, 0, ls->linenumber);  /* function created in next register */
}


static void localstat (LexState *ls) {
  /* stat -> LOCAL NAME {`,' NAME} [`=' explist1] */
  int nvars = 0;
  int nexps;
  expdesc e;
  do {
    new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls));
    nvars++;
  } while (testnext(ls, ','));
  if (testnext(ls, '='))
    nexps = explist1(ls, &e);
  else {
    e.k = VVOID;
    nexps = 0;
  }
  adjust_assign(ls, nvars, nexps, &e);
  adjustlocalvars(ls, nvars);
}


static int funcname (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
  /* funcname -> NAME {fieldsel} [`:' NAME] */
  int needself = 0;
  singlevar(ls, v);
  while (ls->t.token == '.')
    fieldsel(ls, v);
  if (ls->t.token == ':') {
    needself = 1;
    fieldsel(ls, v);
  }
  return needself;
}


static void funcstat (LexState *ls, int line) {
  /* funcstat -> FUNCTION funcname body */
  int needself;
  expdesc v, b;
  luaX_next(ls);  /* skip FUNCTION */
  needself = funcname(ls, &v);
  body(ls, &b, needself, line);
  luaK_storevar(ls->fs, &v, &b);
  luaK_fixline(ls->fs, line);  /* definition `happens' in the first line */
}


static void exprstat (LexState *ls) {
  /* stat -> func | assignment */
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  struct LHS_assign v;
  primaryexp(ls, &v.v);
  if (v.v.k == VCALL)  /* stat -> func */
    SETARG_C(getcode(fs, &v.v), 1);  /* call statement uses no results */
  else {  /* stat -> assignment */
    v.prev = NULL;
    assignment(ls, &v, 1);
  }
}


static void retstat (LexState *ls) {
  /* stat -> RETURN explist */
  FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
  expdesc e;
  int first, nret;  /* registers with returned values */
  if (block_follow(ls->t.token) || ls->t.token == ';')
    first = nret = 0;  /* return no values */
  else {
    nret = explist1(ls, &e);  /* optional return values */
    if (hasmultret(e.k)) {
      luaK_setmultret(fs, &e);
      if (e.k == VCALL && nret == 1) {  /* tail call? */
        SET_OPCODE(getcode(fs,&e), OP_TAILCALL);
        lua_assert(GETARG_A(getcode(fs,&e)) == fs->nactvar);
      }
      first = fs->nactvar;
      nret = LUA_MULTRET;  /* return all values */
    }
    else {
      if (nret == 1)  /* only one single value? */
        first = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, &e);
      else {
        luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, &e);  /* values must go to the `stack' */
        first = fs->nactvar;  /* return all `active' values */
        lua_assert(nret == fs->freereg - first);
      }
    }
  }
  luaK_ret(fs, first, nret);
}


static int statement (LexState *ls) {
  int line = ls->linenumber;  /* may be needed for error messages */
  switch (ls->t.token) {
    case ';': {  /* stat -> ';' (empty statement) */
      luaX_next(ls);  /* skip ';' */
      return 0;
    }
    case TK_IF: {  /* stat -> ifstat */
      ifstat(ls, line);
      return 0;
    }
    case TK_WHILE: {  /* stat -> whilestat */
      whilestat(ls, line);
      return 0;
    }
    case TK_DO: {  /* stat -> DO block END */
      luaX_next(ls);  /* skip DO */
      block(ls);
      check_match(ls, TK_END, TK_DO, line);
      return 0;
    }
    case TK_FOR: {  /* stat -> forstat */
      forstat(ls, line);
      return 0;
    }
    case TK_REPEAT: {  /* stat -> repeatstat */
      repeatstat(ls, line);
      return 0;
    }
    case TK_FUNCTION: {  /* stat -> funcstat */
      funcstat(ls, line);
      return 0;
    }
    case TK_LOCAL: {  /* stat -> localstat */
      luaX_next(ls);  /* skip LOCAL */
      if (testnext(ls, TK_FUNCTION))  /* local function? */
        localfunc(ls);
      else
        localstat(ls);
      return 0;
    }
    case '@': {  /* stat -> label */
      luaX_next(ls);  /* skip '@' */
      labelstat(ls, str_checkname(ls));
      return 0;
    }
    case TK_RETURN: {  /* stat -> retstat */
      luaX_next(ls);  /* skip RETURN */
      retstat(ls);
      return 1;  /* must be last statement */
    }
    case TK_BREAK: {  /* stat -> breakstat */
      luaX_next(ls);  /* skip BREAK */
      breakstat(ls);
      return 1;  /* must be last statement */
    }
    case TK_GOTO: {  /* stat -> 'goto' NAME */
      luaX_next(ls);  /* skip GOTO */
      gotostat(ls, str_checkname(ls), line);
      return 0;
    }
    default: {  /* stat -> func | assignment */
      exprstat(ls);
      return 0;
    }
  }
}


static void statlist (LexState *ls) {
  /* statlist -> { stat [`;'] } */
  int islast = 0;
  enterlevel(ls);
  while (!islast && !block_follow(ls->t.token)) {
    islast = statement(ls);
    if (islast)
      testnext(ls, ';');
    lua_assert(ls->fs->f->maxstacksize >= ls->fs->freereg &&
               ls->fs->freereg >= ls->fs->nactvar);
    ls->fs->freereg = ls->fs->nactvar;  /* free registers */
  }
  leavelevel(ls);
}

/* }====================================================================== */