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 \import{tex/}{deploy}
 \part{其他}
 \import{tex/}{wsl2}
+\import{tex/}{ubuntu}
 \backmatter{}
 %\input{tex/appendix}
 %\myclearpage
diff --git a/tex/ubuntu.tex b/tex/ubuntu.tex
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@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+\chapter{制作 ubuntu 文件系统}
+在 主机的 Ubuntu 系统里面，可以制作 aarch64 的文件系统，这里介绍一下步骤。
+\section{ 安装依赖软件}
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+sudo apt install qemu-user-static debootstrap
+\end{minted}
+
+\section{下载基础系统}
+这里以安装 Ubuntu 22.04 为例：
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+mkdir ubuntu
+sudo debootstrap --arch=arm64 --foreign jammy ubuntu
+sudo cp /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static ubuntu/usr/bin
+sudo chroot ubuntu /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static /bin/sh \
+    -i /debootstrap/debootstrap --second-stage
+\end{minted}
+
+\section{安装必备软件}
+
+\subsection{安装基础软件}
+给目标系统安装常用程序：
+\begin{enumerate}[(1)]
+    \item 进入目标系统：
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+sudo mount -o bind /sys ubuntu/sys
+sudo mount -o bind /proc ubuntu/proc
+sudo mount -o bind /dev ubuntu/dev
+sudo mount -o bind /dev/pts ubuntu/dev/pts
+sudo chroot ubuntu /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static /bin/bash -i
+\end{minted}
+\item  修改 /etc/apt/sources.list 如下：
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ jammy main universe
+deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ jammy main universe
+deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ jammy-security main universe
+deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ jammy-security main universe
+deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ jammy-updates main universe
+deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ jammy-updates main universe
+\end{minted}
+\item 更新系统：
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+apt-get update
+apt-get dist-upgrade
+\end{minted}
+\item 安装常用软件：
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+apt-get install -y vim-nox build-essential gdb u-boot-tools rsync \
+  socat jq tcpdump ifupdown minicom i2c-tools lrzsz tftp-hpa \
+  net-tools dosfstools pciutils memtool ethtool unzip python3-pip
+\end{minted}
+\item 设置 root 密码：
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+passwd root
+\end{minted}
+\item 设置时区：
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
+\end{minted}
+\item 设置 hostname：
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+echo sytc > /etc/hostname
+echo "127.0.0.1    sytc" >> /etc/hosts
+\end{minted}
+\item 设置bash为默认shell:
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+dpkg-reconfigure dash
+\end{minted}
+选择“NO”。
+\item 配置 locals:
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+ dpkg-reconfigure locales
+\end{minted}
+至少选择 en\_US.UTF-8 和 zh\_CN.UTF-8。
+\item 配置/etc/fstab,例如:
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+# <file system>     <mount pt>     <type>   <options>   <dump>  <pass>
+/dev/root     /        auto      rw,noauto          0       1
+tmpfs         /tmp    tmpfs     mode=1777      0       0
+tmpfs         /run      tmpfs    mode=0755,nosuid,nodev  0       0
+#PARTLABEL=oem  /oem    ext2    defaults   0      2
+PARTLABEL=userdata      /userdata       ext4    defaults   0  0
+proc    /proc   proc    defaults        0 0
+devtmpfs        /dev    devtmpfs        defaults        0 0
+devpts  /dev/pts        devpts  mode=0620,ptmxmode=0666,gid=5   0 0
+tmpfs   /dev/shm        tmpfs   nosuid,nodev,noexec     0 0
+sysfs   /sys    sysfs   defaults        0 0
+debugfs /sys/kernel/debug       debugfs defaults        0 0
+pstore  /sys/fs/pstore  pstore  defaults        0 0
+\end{minted}
+\item 修改 getty 服务，使 root 自动登录。修改文件 /usr/lib/systemd/system/serial-getty@.service 的 ExecStart 对应的值：
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\scriptsize]{ini}
+[Service]
+# The '-o' option value tells agetty to replace 'login' arguments with an
+# option to preserve environment (-p), followed by '--' for safety, and then
+# the entered username.
+ExecStart=-/sbin/agetty --autologin root --noclear %I $TER
+#ExecStart=-/sbin/agetty -o '-p -- \\u' --keep-baud 115200,38400,9600 %I $TERM
+Type=idle
+\end{minted}
+使能串口服务：
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\scriptsize]{ini}
+systemctl enable serial-getty@ttyFIQ0.service
+\end{minted}
+\item 设置网络参数/etc/network/interfaces.d/eth1
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\scriptsize]{ini}
+auto eth1
+    iface eth1 inet static
+        address 192.168.1.80
+        netmask 255.255.255.0
+        gateway 192.168.1.1
+\end{minted}
+修改/etc/network/interfaces，执行命令：
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\scriptsize]{bash}
+echo "source-directory /etc/network/interfaces.d"> /etc/network/interfaces
+\end{minted}
+\end{enumerate}
+\subsection{安装 ssh server}
+\noindent 安装软件：
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+apt-get install openssh-server
+\end{minted}
+配置允许root登陆，将/etc/ssh/sshd\_config中的：
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+#PermitRootLogin prohibit-password
+\end{minted}
+改为：
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+PermitRootLogin yes
+\end{minted}
+
+\subsection{安装 rockchip 硬解码器}
+\noindent 添加软件源：
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+apt-get install software-properties-common
+add-apt-repository ppa:george-coolpi/multimedia
+apt update
+\end{minted}
+
+\noindent 安装 gstreamer ：
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+apt-get install libgstreamer1.0-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev \
+libgstreamer-plugins-bad1.0-dev gstreamer1.0-plugins-base  \
+gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad  \
+gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly gstreamer1.0-libav gstreamer1.0-tools  \
+gstreamer1.0-alsa gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio ffmpeg
+\end{minted}
+
+\noindent 安装插件gstreamer1.0-rockchip
+\begin{minted}[bgcolor=lightgray!30,fontsize=\footnotesize]{bash}
+apt-get install gstreamer1.0-rockchip
+\end{minted}